摘要
東沙島屬於東沙群島，位於台灣，海南島及呂宋島之間，距高雄港約430公里，面積1.74平方公里。屬於熱帶性氣候。本報告中記錄111種植物，27種爲栽培種，原生種84種，分屬33科75屬。其中菌類植物1種；雙子葉植物61種，分屬於52屬25科；單子葉植物22種，分屬於7科22屬，内含海生植物4種。其植物組成以禾本科16種最多，豆科12種次之。本島植物中有橙花破布子，白避霜花，海人樹，葡匐垂桉草，大花蒺藜及水韭葉粉絲藻等6種不見於台灣及其附近小島。本島植被可分原生植被，次生植被及人工植被，植被以海岸灌叢爲主，受強烈東北季風及颱風的影響，形相上矮小而緊密，高度約5公尺。最顯要植物爲草海桐，其他植物有白水木、海人樹、葛塔德木、桑樹、檄樹及量較少的白避霜花。另有草本植被，以海馬齒、芻蕾草，雙花蟛蜞菊及馬鞍藤爲主。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Tungshatao, situated among Taiwan, Hainan and Luzon, about 430 km from Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan, bears 1.74 square kilometer in dimension. The vegetation of this island for convenience of description can be classified into three parts, which are original vegetation, secondary vegetation and artificial vegetation. The most important vegetation is coastal thickets composed mainly of Scaevola sericea mixed with some others of Messerschmidia argentea, Suriana maritima, Morus alba, Guettarda speciosa, Morinda citrifolia and Pisonia grandis. The grassland occuping less important part in the island is mainly composed of Sesuvium portulacastrum, Thuarea involuta, Wedelia biflora and Ipomoea pes-caprae. A total of 111 species, including 26 cultivated species, are recorded from this island. Among them, Cordia subcordata, Pisonia grandis, Suriana maritima, Triumfetta procumbens, Tribulus cistoides and Syringodium isoetifolium are not recorded in Taiwan proper and its adjacent islands.
延伸閱讀
- Huang, T. C., Huang, S. F., & Hsieh, T. H. (1994). 東沙島之植物相. TAIWANIA, 39(1＆2), 27-53. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.1994.39.27
- 史天元、陳雅信、薛憲文、陳杰宗、廖純傑（2013）。東沙島面積探討。地籍測量：中華民國地籍測量學會會刊，32(4)，1-9。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=20725507-201312-201402140008-201402140008-1-9
- 陳政儀（2009）。東沙島以南大陸邊緣構造及沉積物分布之探討〔碩士論文，國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.10640
- LIU, T. S., & CHUANG, T. I. (1960). New additions to the Flora of Taiwan (1). 臺灣省立博物館季刊, 13(1&2), 63-65+65i-iii. https://doi.org/10.6532/QJTM.196006_13(1_2).0002
- LIU, T. S., & YANG, T. Y. (1967). NEW ADDITIONS TO THE FLORA OF TAIWAN (II). 臺灣省立博物館季刊, 20(3&4), 375-381. https://doi.org/10.6532/QJTM.196712_20(3_4).0004