論不當得利返還請求權做為專利權侵害行為之救濟手段

最高法院106年度台上字第2467號民事判決正式認可不當得利返還請求權做為專利權人的救濟方式之一，但其未能交代具體的不當得利金額計算方式。因此，本文嘗試提出考慮侵權人貢獻度之合理權利金計算方式，以區別損害賠償角度之合理權利金計算方式。本文借用民法「占有」與「共有」之規定以討論專利侵權事件下不當得利金額之計算原則。此外，本文從美國法借鏡，以建議「每件系爭侵權物之不當得利金額」為「系爭侵權物之價值」乘以「與侵權行為有關之技術特徵之研發投入比重」再乘以「系爭專利所產生的價值比重」，而「系爭專利所產生的價值比重」是比較侵權人的相關專利與系爭專利之價值而得。

關鍵字

專利；專利法；專利侵害；不當得利；損害賠償；合理權利金；貢獻度；占有；共有；民法

並列摘要

The Supreme Court has verified unjust enrichment as one of the remedies for patent infringement in its 106 Tai-Shang No. 2467 Civil Decision, but the Court did not provide a specific methodology for calculating the amount of unjust enrichment. Therefore, this paper will attempt to develop a proper methodology for unjust enrichment calculation,that differentiates from damages calculation. By drawing the provisions and theories of possession and co-ownership in the Civil Code, this paper argues that a better methodology should consider the contribution of the alleged infringer to the accused product or process. In addition, this paper introduces an American court decision to illustrate a specific approach to calculating the amount of unjust enrichment per unit by multiplying the value of the accused product with the ratio of the infringer's R & D investment in the product and the ratio of the contribution provided by the disputed patent, where the second ratio is evaluated by comparing the forward-citation analysis of the disputed patent and the infringer's relevant patents.