日本的國家角色轉換與外交戰略

The Transformation of Japanese National Role and Foreign Strategy

劉宗翰(Zong-Han, Liou)

《海軍學術雙月刊》 51卷3期 (2017/06) Pp. 136-150

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201706_51(3).0010

摘要

太平洋戰爭戰敗後的日本，在麥克阿瑟主導的盟軍總部改造下，和平憲法與吉田主義的富國輕兵路線卸除了日本武裝，接著成立了有名無實的自衛隊，日本當時以受保護者之姿，受美國的保護傘庇護。然而，冷戰結束後，由於國際環境改變，日本積極對國際和平做出貢獻，並透過不斷立法與修法，極力扮演好美國的忠實夥伴，全力支持美國的對外戰爭，這段時期的周邊安全情勢不同於以往，日本發覺由於受到憲法的限制，自衛隊無法有效提供安全作為。自安倍晉三執政以來，日本實施一系列的國家改革，日本已轉換了國家角色，甚至有成為領導者之姿。至於安倍的外交戰略旨在建立多邊關係，希冀以權力平衡方式，追求自身在國際體系的安全地位。總言之，日本外交戰略的經營，將取決於安倍經濟學的成敗及國內民意的支持度。

關鍵字

安倍晉三 ； 安倍主義 ； 國家角色 ； 外交戰略

並列摘要

After the failure of Pacific War, the Constitution of Japan and Yoshida Doctrine removed the arm of Japan under the rebuild of the General Headquarters. The character of Japanese troop became the Self-Defense Forces. Japan became a protected under the United States' protective umbrella. However, after the end of Cold War, because of the change of security environment, Japan actively contributed the peace to the international community, revised and set the laws to support the oversea military action of the United States. During the period, Japan found that it couldn't provide the effective efforts when situations in areas surrounding Japan, due to the limits of the Constitution of Japan. Japan had changed its national role, might be a leading country since Abe conduct a series of reforms. Abe's foreign strategy aimed at building multiple relation, expected to pursuit the security position in the international stage through the balance of power. In sum, Abe's foreign strategy would succeed or not, depend on the Abenomics and the public opinion.

並列關鍵字

Shinzo Abe ； Abe Doctrine ； National Role ； Foreign Strategy