淺析美國的南海戰略及對區域安全之影響

一、美國在歐巴馬執政時期，鑑於中共的崛起，採取「重返亞洲」政策，然面對中共在南海的威脅，多採不干涉與保持中立的立場；到了川普時期，美、「中」關係緊張，對南海的立場不同以往，更主動抨擊中共在南海的合法性。2021年初，拜登總統新上任，面對劣勢的國際環境，及持續交惡的對「中」關係，其在南海戰略的作為會如何改變，值得關注。二、面對中共在南海「填礁造島」等行徑，美國拜登政府在外交上，重修盟國與夥伴關係，共同抵制中共威脅；另在軍事上，加強「航行自由」行動、「穿越臺海」及「聯合軍演」，企圖削弱中共的軍事威懾力。三、面對南海威脅與中共的打壓，政府應提出「國軍重返南海，塑造軍事威懾力；全民國防教育深植民心，民心所向做政府堅實後盾；發揮人道救援精神，構建和平之國際形象；持續對外發聲，南海主權與和平不容缺席」等4項作為，以確保國際間正視我國在南海的主權，國軍官兵兼負「守土有責」之職，更應瞭解維護主權之重要。

關鍵字

南中國海；南海爭端；南海仲裁；航行自由

並列摘要

1.During the Obama administration, the U.S. adopted the policy of Asia Pivot in light of the rise of the CCP, and adopted a position of non-interference and neutrality in the face of the CCP's threats in the SCS. During the Trump era, the Sino-U.S. Relations became tense, and it took a different stance in the SCS. When Biden Team takes office in 2021, it is worth paying attention to how his strategic actions in the SCS will change in the face of the unfavorable international environment and the worsening Sino-U.S. Relations. 2.In the face of the CCP's reclamation of islands in the SCS, for the diplomacy, the Biden has rebuilt allies and partnerships, and intends to join hands to resist the CCP's threat. For the military, the strengthening of ＂Freedom of Navigation＂ operations, ＂crossing the Taiwan Strait＂ and ＂joint military exercises＂ will weaken the CCP's military deterrence. 3.Taiwan has proposed four actions in SCS, including ＂the return of the ROC Armed Forces to the SCS ; All-out Defense in the SCS to deepen the hearts of the people, and the support as the solid backing of the government; to give full play to the spirit of Humanitarian Assistance, and to build an international image of peace; speak out continuously, so that sovereignty and peace in the SCS cannot be absent.＂ We hope that the international community will face up to Taiwan's sovereignty in the SCS.

並列關鍵字

South China Sea ； SCS Dispute ； SCS Arbitration ； Freedom of Navigation

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