異角釉小蜂（Hemiptarsenus varicornis）（膜翅目：釉小蜂科）之外形與生活史

Appearance and Life History of Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

錢景秦(Ching-Chin Chien) ； 古琇芷(Shiu-Chih Ku)

《台灣昆蟲》 21卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. v+247-255

https://doi.org/10.6661/TESFE.2001020

摘要

異角釉小蜂（Hemiptarsenus varicornis（Girault））行單產雄性孤雌生殖、單員外寄生。交尾與否對雌蜂生殖力有影響。該蜂以產卵寄生（42％）與取食寄主（58％）之方式致死非洲菊斑潛蠅（Liriomyza trifolii（Burgess））。寄主幼蟲被產卵或取食後，各經4與0分鐘，即不再活動、取食，各自呈現深度麻痺與死亡。羽化盛期為早上5至7點，產卵與取食寄主盛期各為早上5點至下午1點，與早上9點至下午5點。該蜂在25℃下，一世代發育所需時間為11.1±0.1天，其中卵期為 1.1±0.0天，幼蟲期為4.1±0.1天，前蛹期為0.7±0.0天，蛹期為5.2±0.1天。每日供應40～50隻第三齡寄主幼蟲時，雌、雄蜂壽命各為22.4±1.6與14.5±1.0天，生殖力為每雌蜂可產204±22隻子蜂，子代雌性比為0.62±0.02，每雌蜂致死寄主數為497±38隻。

關鍵字

異角釉小蜂 ； 非洲菊斑潛蠅 ； 生活史 ； 外部形態

並列摘要

Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) is an arrhenotokous, solitary ectoparasitoid of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess). The fecundity of the female was affected by mating. The female was capable of killing L. trifolii by parasitizing (42%) and host-feeding (58%). The host larva was deeply paralyzed without moving and feeding in 4 min after wasp oviposition or died immediately after wasp feeding. Its peak of emergence was between 0500 and 0700 h while that of oviposition and host-feeding was between 0500 and 1300 h, and between 0900 and 1700 h, respectively. At 25 ℃ , the wasp took 11.1±0.1 days to complete the development from egg to adult. The duration of egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages averaged 1.1±0.0, 4.1±0.1, 0.7±0.0, and 5.2±0.1 days, respectively. When 40-50 3rd-instar larvae of L. trifolii were provided daily, the fecundity and the host killing capability for a wasp was 204±22 wasps and 497±38 hosts, respectively. The longevity of female and male wasps averaged 22.4±1.6 and 14.5±1.0 days, respectively. The female progeny ratio was 0.62±0.02.

並列關鍵字

Hemiptarsenus varicornis ； Liriomyza trifolii ； appearance ； life history