大學職員職場霸凌知覺與心理健康關係之研究－兼論情緒耗竭之中介效果與因應策略之調節效果

Perceived Workplace Bullying and Mental Health Among University Employees: The Mediating Effect of Emotional Exhaustion and the Moderating Effect of Coping Strategies

張振傑(Chen-Chieh CHANG) ； 彭彥群(Yen-Chun PENG) ； 莊文隆(Wen-Long ZHUANG)

《教育學報》 46卷2期 (2018/12) Pp. 109-129

摘要

雖然早期研究發現職場霸凌會影響個體心理健康，但其形成機制與外在因素的探討卻不多見。本研究主要依據情感事件理論探討情緒耗竭在職場霸凌與心理健康的中介效果，同時分析因應策略在職場霸凌對情緒耗竭和情緒耗竭對心理健康的調節效果。本研究採用便利抽樣法，共有290位大學職員參與。研究結果發現職場霸凌顯著正向影響情緒耗竭，情緒耗竭顯著負向影響心理健康，情緒耗竭在職場霸凌與心理健康之間有中介效果，因應策略對情緒耗竭與心理健康有顯著調節效果。根據研究結果，本文提出相關實務管理意涵和未來研究建議。

關鍵字

職場霸凌 ； 心理健康 ； 因應策略 ； 情緒耗竭

並列摘要

Although earlier research found that workplace bullying affects an individual's mental health, investigations of the mechanisms that produce these behaviors and their external factors have remained rare. Based on the affective events theory, we examined the mediating effect of mental exhaustion on the relationship between workplace bullying and mental health. We also analyzed the moderating effects of coping strategies on the relationship between workplace bullying and emotional exhaustion as well as on the relationship between emotional exhaustion and mental health. Convenience sampling was used in this study and 290 university employees participated. We found that workplace bullying significantly and positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, emotional exhaustion significantly and negatively correlated with mental health. We also found that emotional exhaustion had a mediating effect on the relationship between workplace bullying and mental health and coping strategies had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between emotional exhaustion and mental health. Based on these results, we discussed the implications for relevant management practices and provided suggestions for future study.

並列關鍵字

workplace bullying ； mental health ； coping strategy ； emotional exhaustion

參考文獻

吳宗祐（2008）。〈由不當督導到情緒耗竭：部屬正義知覺與情緒勞動的中介效果〉。《中華心理學刊》，第 50 卷第 2 期，頁 201–221。doi: 10.6129/CJP.2008.5002.06

吳宗祐、鄭伯壎（2006）。〈難應付客戶頻次、知覺服務訓練效用兩者及情緒勞動與情緒耗竭之關係 ─「資源保存理論」的觀點〉。《管理學報》，第 23 卷第 5 期，頁 581–599。doi: 10.6504/JOM.2006.23.05.04

吳美連、張振傑、王秀菁（2017）。〈職場霸凌對員工幸福感之影響：社會資本與心理資本的調節作用〉。《人力資源管理學報》，第 17 卷第 2 期，頁 1–25。doi: 10.6147/JHRM.2017.1702.01

李逸（2004）。〈公共衛生護理人員工作壓力感受、因應策略與壓力結果之探討 ─以互動型工作壓力模式為架構〉。《台灣公共衛生雜誌》，第 23 卷第 5 期，頁 398–405。doi: 10.6288/TJPH2004-23-05-07

洪瑞斌（2013）。〈職業倦怠研究在台灣之回顧與前瞻〉。《人力資源管理學報》，第 13卷第 3 期，頁 107–140。doi: 10.6147/JHRM.2013.1303.04