漢梵佛典雙語標註語料庫的構建

古代印度佛經的漢語譯本與其平行的梵語文本是對古代漢語進行接觸語言學研究的不可多得的重要資料。這類研究的目的是通過對漢譯佛經中與原典相關的語言成分和語言現象的揭示，來發現印度佛教及其文化的傳入對漢語究竟產生了什麼樣的影響。作為「漢譯佛經梵漢對比分析語料庫建設及漢語歷史語言學研究」項目（GRF/HKIED 844710）的基礎部分，本工作將用「梵漢對勘」，即漢譯佛經和與其平行的古代印度語文本對比分析的方法，對有代表性的佛經進行窮盡式的專書研究；力圖在印歐語系與漢藏語系語言類型比較的視野下，找出譯文中與古印度平行文本所有有對應關係的詞彙、語義和語法成分，發掘譯文中因原典影響而出現的特殊語言現象，為下一步追蹤這些已獲得漢語外殼的外來成分對漢語發展演變有什麽樣的影響做好准備。研究的最終目的是建設一個帶有詳細標註的梵漢、漢文異譯對比分析語料庫。這在學術界還是第一次。漢梵佛典雙語語料庫（一期）選取《維摩詰經》《法華經》和《阿毗達磨俱舍論》三部經典。完成後可以形成一個規模大約為200萬字詞（漢語語料以字為計算單位，梵語語料以詞為計算單位），6,000至8,000頁的總庫，其中包含漢語、梵語和英語等三種語言材料。語料庫建成後將對外開放，供研究者使用。

關鍵字

漢譯佛經；佛教漢語；梵漢對勘；語料庫；漢語史

並列摘要

The Chinese translated texts of ancient Indian Buddhist scriptures and their original Sanskrit parallels are valuable materials for research on contact linguistics in ancient Chinese. The objective of such studies is to find out language elements and language phenomena in the Chinese translated texts which were related to the original Sanskrit texts and to uncover the impact of Indian Buddhism and its cultures upon the Chinese language. This study lays a foundation for the project Assessing the Impact of Sanskrit on Chinese: Creating a Comparative Corpus of the Original Sanskrit Texts and the Chinese Translated Texts of Buddhist Scriptures and Facilitating Research in Chinese Historical Linguistics Through Contrastive Analysis (GRF/HKIED 844710). It will adopt the research method of ＂Sanskrit-Chinese comparative collation＂ (a comparative analysis of the original Sanskrit texts and the Chinese translated texts) and do an exhaustive survey on the representative collections of Buddhist scriptures. From the perspective of a linguistic typological comparison between Sanskrit and Chinese, which are members of the Indo-European language family and of the Sino-Tibetan language family respectively, this study aims to find out all the lexical, semantic and grammatical elements in the Chinese translated texts which correspond to those in the ancient Indian parallel texts, and to explore all the special language phenomena in the translated Chinese texts because of the influence of the original Sanskrit texts. This study will also provide a basis for future research in tracing how these elements with foreign origins and Chinese forms have influenced the development of the Chinese language. The final goal of the research is to build an annotated comparative corpus of the original Sanskrit texts and the Chinese translated texts, with different versions of Chinese translations available. It will be a first attempt of the kind in this field. The Sanskrit-Chinese Comparative Corpus of Buddhist Scriptures (Phase I) will cover three collections: Vimalakirtinirdesasutra, Saddharmapundarikasutra and Abhidharmakosabhasya. On completion, it will have two million characters/words (Chinese texts counted by character and Sanskrit texts counted by word), about 6,000 to 8,000 pages. It will contain Chinese, Sanskrit as well as English language materials. Upon completion, it will be open to public for research purposes.

並列關鍵字

Chinese translation of Buddhist Sutra ； Buddhist Chinese ； Comparative Buddhist Sanskrit-Chinese ； Language database ； History of the Chinese Language

國際替代計量

漢梵佛典雙語標註語料庫的構建

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