高齡族群藉由身體活動預防癌症的效果

The Effect of Physical Activity on Cancer Prevention in the Elderly

黃森芳(Sen-Fang Huang) ； 陳杰(Chieh Chen)

《台灣老年醫學暨老年學會雜誌》 14卷4期 (2019/11) Pp. 191-202

https://doi.org/10.29461/TGGa.201911_14(4).0001

摘要

世界衛生組織（WHO）將65歲以上的長者定義為老年人；當老年人口占總人口比例7%定義為「高齡化（aging）社會」；比例超過14%則定義為「高齡（aged）社會」；老年人口比例超過20%則定義為「超高齡（super-aged）社會」；據內政部統計台灣老年人口比率早於1993年達到「高齡化社會」標準，而民國2018年3月已超過14%成為「高齡社會」；推估2025年更將超過20%，達到「超高齡社會」。如此一來除了人口結構的改變，青年人的負擔增加外，老年醫學尤其老年慢性病及癌症醫療將是一個迫切且不得不面對的課題。癌症已經連續37年名列國內十大死因之首；“老年人的運動處方”，尤其身體活動對於“預防老年人癌症”將是一個迫切且重要的議題；本文利用身體活動，老年，心肺適能，癌症死亡率等關鍵字，經由Google Scholar、PubMed、Medline等搜尋相關學術研究成果，分析並整理身體活動或運動，對於老年癌症的預防效果與機制，及目前的研究趨勢，以期對於運動在預防癌症成效方面有更深入的了解。

關鍵字

癌症預防 ； 老年醫學 ； 運動處方 ； 心肺適能

並列摘要

According to the WHO (World Health Organization) definitions: an elderly person is one aged 65 years or over, an aging society is one with an elderly population accounting for 7% of its total population. As the ratio rises to 14% and 20%, the society becomes aged and super-aged respectively. According to statistics, Taiwan was an aging society as early as in 1993, an aged society in 2018, and is likely to become a super-aged society around 2025 by when drastic changes in social demographic structure will place heavy financial burden on the younger generations. On the other hand, cancer has been the top cause of death for 37 consecutive years in Taiwan. Exercise prescription for the elderly, especially cancer prevention and treatment of the elderly, is therefore a pressing issue demanding close attention. In this paper, we used keywords such as physical activity, exercise, mortality, and cancer to conduct online search for identifying and reviewing articles related to physical activity and cancer mortality in Google Scholar, PubMed and Medline. We analyzed, sorted, and integrated the study results of the searched articles and summarized the effects of physical activity or exercise on cancer prevention in the elderly so as to invite readers to better understand and further explore the benefits of physical activity on elderly cancer patients.

並列關鍵字

geriatrics ； cancer prevention ； exercise prescription