TONE SANDHI IN THE TIANJIN DIALECT

天津方言的连读变调

谭馥(Fu Tan)

《Journal of Chinese Linguistics》 15卷2期 (1987/06) Pp. 228-246

摘要

Li and Liu collect four kinds of contexts for the sandhi rules in the Tianjin dialect (TTS) to apply and they mention the blocking of TTS by emphasis. However, nothing has been said about the interaction of the four TTS rules, the manner of their application, or the contrast between utterances with alternative derived forms and those without. The present paper shows that (1) each of the four TTS rules applies in a certain direction and is ordered with respect to the rest, rather than freely as proposed by Hung (1986b); (2) within a given domain, the TTS rules apply in their own way, regardless of the morphosyntactic structures of the syllables undergoing TTS; (3) the contrast between sole and alternative derivability results from the blocking of TTS by emphasis or the normal application of TTS with no intended emphasis. Since emphasis is something relative, only those tone groups (TG's) decomposable into the emphasized and the control components may have alternative derived forms, depending on whether emphasis is intended and on which component is being emphasized. On the other hand, for a single word bearing a whole TG, there is nothing to be emphasized for lack of a control component.

並列摘要

李、刘归纳了天津方言连读变调的四种情况，也提到强调对变调的中止。然而他们没提及变调诸则的相互作用，它们各自进行的方式，一种或多种变调结果的区别何以存在。本文旨在阐明（1）变调诸则各循其方向进行，而且互相之间排列有序；（2）在一特定范围，变调诸则按其自身规律进行，与词法句法结构无关；（3）一种或多种变调结果的差异是由于具有多种变调结果的一段话可以有强调的因素起作用，使变调中止，也可以不强调任何组成部分，使变调正常进行，而只有一种变调结果的一段话因不可能有强调的因素起作用，只能任变调正常进行－由于强调是相对的，只有可以分为强调部分与非强调部分的话语有多种变调的可能。反之，一个多音节单词素的词，由于缺少对照成份，也就无强调成份可言。