当方位遇上重叠：廉江粤语重叠方位短语研究

本文研究的是廉江粤语中由重叠形式构成的一种特殊方位短语，这种方位短语由重叠的处所名词短语与方位指示语组成，并且处所名词短语之后的方位指示语必须强制性出现。调查发现重叠部分必须是有定的、易于被说话人指认的处所名词短语，重叠之后表达“靠近／在…附近”的语法意义，而方位指示语仅限于类似英语here, there的非常有限的几个方位指示语。分析认为，重叠处所名词短语中包含一个功能性成分“附近”，而处所名词由于是“附近”的参照点，必须所指明确，导致了处所名词的有定性语义要求。本文同时认为，重叠处所名词是整个方位短语的修饰语，方位指示语才是整个方位短语的中心语，由此解释了方位指示语为何必须强制性出现的问题。这种特殊的重叠方位短语作为一个绝佳的观察窗口，使我们一方面得以窥探汉语方位短语的内部句法结构，另一方面可以了解重叠的语法功能与重叠短语的句法结构。

關鍵字

廉江粤语；方位短语；重叠；句法结构；空间句法

並列摘要

This paper examines a special locative phrase formed by reduplication in Lianjiang Yue dialect. The locative phrase is composed of reduplicated location nominals and locative pro-forms, with the locative pro-form occurring obligatorily. It is observed that (i) the reduplicated location nominal must be definite and can be easily identifiable in the context; (ii) the grammatical meaning of the location nominal changes from ＂location＂ to ＂next to/near＂ after reduplication; (iii) locative pro-forms occurring in the reduplicated locative phrase are restricted to those similar to here and there in English. It is argued that there is a functional category NEAR in the reduplicated locative phrase. Location nominals, being the reference point of ＂near＂, must be clearly specified, which results in the definiteness requirement imposed on them. The paper assumes that the locative pro-form is the head of the whole phrase, with the reduplicated location nominal as its modifier, which accounts for why the locative pro-form occurs obligatorily. The reduplicated locative phrase provides us with an opportunity to explore the internal structure of the locative phrase in Chinese and to learn the grammatical function of reduplication and the syntactic structure of reduplicative phrases.

並列關鍵字

Lianjiang ； Yue dialect ； Locative phrase ； Reduplication ； Syntactic structure ； Spatial Syntax

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当方位遇上重叠：廉江粤语重叠方位短语研究

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