使徒保罗与西方的内省良心

从奥古斯丁开始，特别在路德那里，西方教会把使徒保罗看作内省良心的范例，认为保罗皈依前后都深受律法和罪的捆绑，其“受折磨的良心＂发出了“我真是苦啊＂（罗7：25）的感叹，由此而提出因信称义学说，以解决这一超越时间的普遍的人类困境。然而，只要仔细考察保罗书信和一世纪的宣教处境就会知道，保罗从来不认为自己不能谨守律法，其良心乃是“强健的良心＂，并未受到律法和罪的搅扰。他提出因信称义学说不是要解决后世人类的困境，而是要在上帝的救赎计划中为外邦基督徒找到位置。简言之，保罗的良心是“强健的＂而非“受折磨的＂；其因信称义学说从属于教会论而非救赎论。

關鍵字

使徒保罗；路德；奥古斯丁；内省良心

並列摘要

Since Augustine, the Western church, particularly in the thought of Luther, has regarded the Apostle Paul as an example of introspective conscience. According to this view, Paul was bound by the law and his sin both before and after his conversion, and with his ＂plagued conscience＂ sighing ＂wretched man that I am＂ (Romans 7:25). he put forward the doctrine of justification by faith to solve this general and timeless human dilemma. However, a closer examination of the Epistles of Paul in the 1st century missionary context shows that Paul never thought he was incapable of observing the law, but that he had a ＂robust conscience＂ which was not disturbed by the law or sin. Rather, the purpose of his doctrine of justification by faith was to find a theological solution for including Gentile Christians in God's salvation. In summary, Paul's conscience was ＂robust＂, not ＂plagued＂, and his doctrine of justification by faith concerned primarily ecclesiology, not soteriology.

並列關鍵字

the Apostle Paul ； Luther ； Augustine ； the introspective conscience

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