The Relationship between Archaeology and the Hebrew Bible

考古学与《希伯来圣经》的关系

长谷川修一(Shuichi HASEGAWA)

《聖經文學研究》 17輯 (2018/08) Pp. 127-151

摘要

The flow of time can be divided into three aspects: past, present, and future. It is often believed that the past creates the present, and thus the future. Yet, the quest for the past is always motivated by perspectives from the present, and writing past events is an action inevitably related to the present of the authors/readers. In this sense, the present creates the past. Investigating archaeology's past relating to the Hebrew Bible is nothing more than an examination of the contemporary situation of archaeology and the Hebrew Bible. To understand the current situation and proceed to the future, it is necessary to collect information from what happened in the past. This paper will present a history of the relationship between archaeology and the Hebrew Bible, from the origin of biblical archaeology to the era in which biblical archaeology was lauded as proving the historicity of biblical story, through the fall of biblical archaeology, and the rise of archaeology independent of the Hebrew Bible, and finally to a future where these two disciplines have the potential to work in harmony with each other.

關鍵字

Hebrew Bible ； biblical archaeology ； history of biblical archaeology ； methodology of biblical archaeology ； future of biblical archaeology

並列摘要

时间的流动可以分为三个方面：过去、现在和未来。人们经常认为，过去创造了现在，也创造了未来。然而，对过去的探求总是受到现在之观点的激发，对过去事件的书写是一种不可避免地与作者／读者的当下相关的行动。从这个意义上说，现在创造了过去。回顾以往，考古学的过去与《希伯来圣经》发生关联，这只不过是检视其与《希伯来圣经》的目前状况而已。要了解当前的情境并走向未来，就有必要从过去所发生的事件中收集信息。本文将呈现考古学与《希伯来圣经》之间关系的历史，从圣经考古学的起源至其被称赞而用于证明圣经故事之历史真实性的时代、它的衰落以及考古学独立于《希伯来圣经》的兴起，直到最终这两个学科有可能在未来彼此和谐地工作。

並列關鍵字

《希伯来圣经》 ； 圣经考古学 ； 圣经考古学的历史 ； 圣经考古学的方法论 ； 圣经考古学的未来