正典批评学视角下的《诗篇》结构解读

正典批评学的《诗篇》研究始于20世纪80年代，是继形式批评学之后最重要的研究方法，它从整体的视角对《诗篇》的编排和形成过程作出解读。本文以正典批评学主要代表人物的研究成果为基础，对《诗篇》的整体结构以及各卷之间的关系进行考察，表明《诗篇》的形成具有明确的目的性，其中从大卫王朝到耶和华作王的内容纵贯了《诗篇》的整个脉络，而遵行律法、蒙受祝福则是《诗篇》的主题。由此反映出《诗篇》的编辑是第二圣殿时期犹太族群信仰传统与特殊历史处境互动的结果。一方面，犹太族群从希伯来信仰传统出发，对当时的生活处境作出能动的解释，《诗篇》的形成对于维系犹太族群的共同身份发挥了重要作用；另一方面，当《诗篇》以最终形式成为正典时，也将第二圣殿时期的历史经验融入了传统，从而丰富了希伯来宗教的内涵。

關鍵字

《诗篇》；正典批评学；律法；大卫王朝；耶和华作王

並列摘要

Canonical criticism of the Psalms began in the 1980s and represents the most significant research methodology after form criticism, interpreting the layout and compilation process of the Psalms from an overall perspective. Basing on the representative studies in canonical criticism, this paper analyzes the overall structure and relations among each volume of the Psalms, showing how there is a clear aim in their composition: The reign of King David and the reign of the LORD form a vertical thread throughout the entire Psalms, and ＂the LORD's people received blessings through observing the Torah＂ is a central theme. This reflects the fact that the compilation of the Psalms was a result of the interaction between traditional Jewish beliefs and particular historic situations of the community during the Second Temple period. The traditions of Hebrew faith were a cornerstone of the Jewish community and enabled the Jews to interpret their contemporary context in positive ways. The compilation of the Psalms thus played an important role in maintaining the identity of the community. Yet when the Psalms were included in the Jewish Scripture in their final form, the historical experiences of the Second Temple era were also integrated into the tradition, enriching the content of the Hebrew religion.

並列關鍵字

Psalms ； canonical critical study ； Torah ； the reign of King David ； the reign of the LORD

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