约翰．洛克《政府论．上篇》中的圣经批判及其政治意蕴

Biblical Criticism and Its Political Implications in John Locke's First Treatise

袁朝晖(YUAN Zhaohui)

《聖經文學研究》 23輯 (2021/12) Pp. 55-76

摘要

自由与平等萌生于教会和国家权力的相互对立中。自由和平等植根于、存在于免遭国家权力任意干涉的私人内部领域之中，而对良知的尊重与敬畏是所有公民自由的萌芽，也是基督教用以促进自由的方法，茆即约翰．洛克《政府论．上篇》中的主题。国家就是国家，而不是用“国家”这个新的上帝取代旧“上帝”－－信仰的上帝－－的过程。所以，《政府论．上篇》中的洛克的形象是破坏性的，即彻底摧毁旧秩序的根基圣经，为在瓦砾上建设新的秩序－－理性的秩序，或者说真正的平等－－扫清道路。

關鍵字

平等 ； 洛克 ； 《政府论．上篇》 ； 圣经

並列摘要

Liberty and equality originated in the conflict between the church and the state. They are rooted in and exist in the private sphere that is exempt from government's, arbitrary interference. Respect and reverence for conscience, which is the germ of all civil liberties, is used by Christianity to promote liberty, and is also the theme of John Locke＞s Two Treatises of Government (First Treatise). The state is the state itself, and should not be used as a new god to replace the old god-the God of faith. The image of Locke in First Treatise is therefore destructive: it completely destroys the Bible, the foundation of the old order, so as to clear the way for the creation of a new order-the order of rationality or genuine equality-on the rubble.

並列關鍵字

Equality ； John Locke ； Two Treatises of Government (First Treatise) ； Bible