跨越語言疆界的教育：盧森堡多語教育實踐及其啟示

Education Crossing Linguistic Boundaries: The Study of the Case of the Multilingual Education of Luxembourg and Its Implications

洪如玉(Ruyu Hung)

《教育研究與發展期刊》 10卷3期 (2014/09) Pp. 125-146

https://doi.org/10.3966/181665042014091003005

摘要

本文主旨在於探討歐洲小國盧森堡大公國的多語教育制度、實施現況、特色與歷史文化背景，提供我國發展國際化與全球化教育的參考。盧森堡官方語言有三種，本文將說明盧森堡多語教育（multilingualism）或三語教育（trilingualism）的實施狀況，並探討其特殊的文化社會歷史背景，做為我國推動教育國際化與全球化之參照。本文提出四點結論如下：一、盧森堡母語確立盧森堡民族之語言文化獨特性；二、盧森堡語為建立盧森堡公民之民族國家認同之基礎；三、多語教育之環境營造盧森堡作為歐洲聯盟核心成員的重要基礎。四、盧森堡多語教育造就語言多元的包容社會文化。並根據上述結論提出五點建議作為我國推動外語教育之參考：一、本土化與國際化為兼容並蓄之辯證性教育方向；二、外語教育之教學方式應加強以外語做為媒介之教學；三、外語課程內容與教學方式彈性化；四、教育國際化所推動之外語教育可加強英語之外的外國語言；五、我國教育應加強鄰近各國之語言教育，以促進對鄰近國家之文化理解。

關鍵字

盧森堡 ； 教育制度 ； 多語教育 ； 三語教育 ； 國際化

並列摘要

Luxembourg is a very small country but has a very international and extremely wealthy society. The country has a very special trilingual school-system, in which most students are educated to master three languages including Luxembourgish, German and French. This paper aims to describe the current language education situation in Luxembourg and to reveal social and historical contexts. There is a close relationship between the multi- or trilingual educational situation and high level of internationalization of Luxembourg. It may not be appropriate to simply transplant the Luxembourgish model on Taiwan. However, the understanding of the context and the current implementation of the Luxembourgish multilingual education may provide great insights for the enhancement of internationalization of education in Taiwan. Overall this paper proposes four conclusions: 1) Luxembourgish is taken as the fortress of identity of Luxembourg culturally, linguistically and politically; 2) Luxembourgish is the basis of the national identity; 3) the multilingual environment makes Luxembourg a core member of the EU; and 4) the multilingual environment makes Luxembourg an inclusive lingual-cultural society. Based on the above, the author makes five suggestions for improving our foreign language education: 1) localization and internationalization should be seen as complementary dialectics; 2) foreign language education should put more attention on the aspect of language as a medium; 3) the curriculum and pedagogy of foreign language education can be more flexible; 4) foreign language education should introduce languages other than English; and 5) languages of neighboring countries should be included in the field of foreign language education to enrich cultural understanding of our students.

並列關鍵字

Educational institutionalization ； Luxembourg ； multilingual education ； trilingual education ； internationalization