從胡銓〈經筵玉音問答〉看宋代宮廷唱詞活動

Song-Lyric Singing Activities in the Song Court: A Study of Hu Quan's ＂Conversations between the Emperor and His Instructor＂

張鳴(Zhang Ming)

《中國文學學報》 1期 (2010/12) Pp. 83-101

https://doi.org/10.6903/JCL.201012_(1).0006

摘要

宋代，詞的演唱是重要的社會文化活動，同樣盛行於宮廷之中。宋代宮廷唱詞，形式多種多樣，規模大小不一，目的各有不同，情況比較複雜，其中各種細節，因材料所限，向來受到的關注不多。本文圍繞南宋胡銓的〈經筵玉音問答〉討論宋代宮廷唱詞活動的一些細節，將其中涉及的演唱場合、唱詞禮儀、唱詞勸酒程式、皇帝和皇妃唱詞、演唱形式、歌詞選擇、演唱作品特點等宮廷唱詞活動諸問題，逐次加以考釋，並就詞的文化功能和唱詞活動的文化意義做進一步的討論。

關鍵字

宋詞 ； 〈經筵玉音問答〉 ； 宮廷唱詞 ； 演唱形式 ； 歌詞選擇

並列摘要

In the Song Dynasty, the singing of Song-lyrics (ci) was an important form of entertainment not only for the commoners but in the court. However, perhaps because of the lack of adequate evidence for reconstructing historical details, e.g., the artistic forms and purposes of singing, and the size of parties, little scholarly attention has been paid to the activities of singing Song-lyrics in the Song court. This paper pays special attention to previously ignored details of imperial parties by examining Hu Quan's ＂Conversations between the Emperor and His Instructor＂ (＂Jingyan yuyin wenda＂) written in the Southern Song Dynasty. More specifically, by a close study of this text, it attempts to explore several aspects of the singing of Song-lyrics in the court, including the physical condition of singing, the ritual of singing and toasting and its meaning of the poetry, the lyrics the emperor and the empress sang, the way they sang, the selection of songs, and the literary characteristics of the lyrics, among others. Further, I also give some preliminary reflections upon the cultural function and meaning of such singing.

並列關鍵字

Song-lyrics ； ＂Conversations between the Emperor and His Instructor＂ ； singing in the court ； form of singing ； selection of songs