琴意誰可聽？－歐陽修之琴與北宋士風

Who Shall be Able to Fathom the Significance of the Zither Music?: The Zither Music of Ouyang Xiu and the Ethos of Northern Song Dynasty Literati

沈冬(Shen Tung)

《中國文學學報》 2期 (2011/12) Pp. 179-211

https://doi.org/10.6903/JCL.201112_(2).0011

摘要

醉翁歐陽修是北宋政壇領袖、文壇山斗。他生於太平盛世初露曙光的北宋真宗景德四年（1007），死於憂患日深全面變法的宋神宗熙寧五年（1072），一生歷事仁宗、英宗、神宗三朝，名滿天下，貢獻良多。他改變了宋代文壇奇僻怪險的文風，被譽為「一代文宗」；提攜後進，拔擢英才無數，「以道德文章為一世學者宗師」，在經學、史學、金石學上都有舉足輕重的影響。在政事文章的全方位成就以外，其實歐陽修也有相當的藝術才分，他的書法楚楚可觀，還能撫琴操縵，個人曾撰文〈醉翁歐陽修的琴趣人生〉，爬梳《歐陽修全集》內所有與琴相關的作品，分別考訂其寫作年代與背景，是歐陽永叔有關琴的詩文著作的整理。文成之後，頗覺不足，因此繼續研探永叔的琴學思想特色。本文擬由三個層面探觸永叔之琴，首先，依其生平年代、仕宦歷程，縷述他與琴有關的詩文作品，加以繫年及說釋，其次、根據這些作品及相關記載探究他的撫琴經驗及琴友交遊，其三、討論他的琴學思想，並試圖以北宋士風為背景，觀察永叔身為琴家、交結琴友、參與琴事、發為琴論，如何將他身為知識分子的理念浸潤滲透入琴中，而他的琴學議論及撫琴實踐又如何反過來成為北宋士風昭昭可見的註腳和詮釋。由永叔之琴到北宋士風的連結，是本文試圖提出的主要論點之一。

關鍵字

歐陽修 ； 琴（七絃琴、古琴） ； 琴意 ； 北宋士風

並列摘要

Ouyang Xiu, also known as the Old Drunkard, was a political and literary leader in the Northern Song Dynasty. With artistic talents, he not only was a well-known calligrapher but played seven string zither well. This article discusses the zither music of Ouyang Xiu from three aspects. First, I will chronologically list his works related to zither and further explain them. Second, through inductively analyzing the features of these works, I will discuss his major participation in the activities about zither in order to observe his thinking about zither and its development. Third, this article, through a wider perspective, explores the origin of Ouyang's thoughts about zither and also considers the transformation of culture, from Tang to Song, to see what role Ouyang played in Northern Song Dynasty zither culture. In addition, this article further brings Ouyang's zither into historical context, viewing how he, in the discussions and practices of zither, reflected the collective ideology of intellectuals: that is, literati ethos in the Northern Song Dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Ouyang Xiu ； Zither (seven string zither) ； significance of zither music ； literati ethos of Northern Song