不同球速等級網球選手平擊發球上肢加速度表現之差異

The Difference of Upper-limb Acceleration in Different Tennis Flat-serve speed players

羅志勇(Chih-Yong Lo) ； 陳膺成(Ying-Cheng Chen) ； 劉泰瑋(Tai-Wei Liu) ； 曾銀助(Ying-Chu Tseng)

《高科大體育》 3期 (2020/12) Pp. 10-19

摘要

目的：本研究以慣性感測器分析不同球速等級的網球選手平擊發球時，上肢加速度的差異及動力鏈施力順序的情況。方法：以10位全國網球單或雙打排名前32名的男子選手為受試者，依照平均發球速度分為高球速組（5位）及低球速組（5位），透過配戴於右手掌、右前臂、右上臂的慣性感應器進行15次平擊發球的測試，並進行統計的分析。結果：一、兩組選手在無配戴與有配戴感測器在球速方面，以成對樣本t檢定後，並無顯著差異。二、高球速組選手在手掌、前臂、上臂的三軸加速度皆大於低球速組並達顯著差異。三、高球速組與低球速組上肢各肢段的Ｘ軸加速度皆高於Y軸及Z軸。四、兩組選手在揮臂過程中皆為手掌產生最高加速度，而高球速組有50%以上臂為起始動力，低球速組有86%以前臂為起始動力。結論：一、安裝慣性感測器並不會影響選手平擊發球能力的表現，利用慣性感測器能有效檢測網球選手在平擊發球上技術水準。二、高球速組在揮臂過程中的肢段加速度明顯大於低球速組選手，顯示揮臂速度確實為影響發球球速的重要關鍵因素。三、兩組選手在矢狀面（X軸）產生較大的加速度，在額狀面（Y軸）和水平面（Z軸）的加速度小，符合網球平擊發球的動作特性。四、兩組選手的手掌皆出現最大的三軸加速度，即末端肢段產生較大速度變化，符合動力鏈的原理。但不同球速等級的選手的上肢動力鏈順序確實有所不同，所以採用慣性感測器來瞭解選手在動力鏈的發力順序，可有效改善及修正網球發球的技術。

關鍵字

慣性感測器 ； 加速度 ； 動力鏈

並列摘要

Purpose: The study was using the inertia sensor system to compare the upper-limb acceleration of different tennis Flat-serve speed players. Methods: 10 national team level tennis players were required into this study and divided into two groups (high-speed and low-speed groups). Three inertial sensors were set on the palm, forearm and upper arm of the dominant side. Each player performed 15 times flat-serve. Results: 1. Two groups not worn and wore sensors in ball speed, paired t-test, was no significant. 2. The three-axis acceleration in the palm, forearm, and upper arm of the high-speed group was significantly greater than the low-speed group. 3. The two groups of players generate the highest X-axis acceleration of the upper limb than Y and Z axes and showed a significant difference. 4. The two groups of players generate the highest acceleration for the palm during the arm swing. The high-speed group has 50% of the upper arm as the starting power, and the low-speed group has 86% of the forearm as the starting power. Conclusions: 1. The inertial sensors did not affect the player's performance in flat-serve. Using the inertial sensor can effectively detect the flat serve skill of tennis player. 2. The acceleration of the limbs of the high-speed group during the arm swing was significantly greater than the low-speed group. It is indicated that the speed of the arm swing is an important factor affecting the speed of the serve. 3. The two groups of players produce large acceleration in the sagittal plane (X-axis), and small acceleration in the frontal plane (Y-axis) and horizontal plane (Zaxis), it just matches the skill characteristics of flat-serve. 4. Both of the two groups have the highest three-axis acceleration of palm, it means the terminal limb has a large speed, which is in line with the principle of the kinetic chain. However, the order of the upper arm kinetic chain was indeed different between the different flat-speed players. Therefore, using an inertial sensor to understand the player's kinetic chain can be effectively improved and enhance the tennis serve skills.

並列關鍵字

Inertial Sensor ； Acceleration ； Kinetic Chain