《維摩詰經．菩薩品》的義理疏解

The Theoretical Interpretation of ＂The Bodhisattvas＂ in the Vimalakīrti Sūtra

杜保瑞(Duh Bau-Ruei)

《《人間佛教叢書》2018星雲大師人間佛教理論實踐研究》 2018 (2019/05) Pp. 166-183

摘要

《維摩詰經．菩薩品》乃維摩詰居士以不請之友之姿，向彌勒菩薩談修行者不退轉和蒙佛授記的真諦，意旨為不必拘束於這些知見，尤其是利根器菩薩，自知本來是佛，即應超越此一勸誘之法。又向光嚴童子講述道場概念，認為道場即學佛之地，但真學佛者，唯論心行，只要持守大乘修行之法，則己身時時處於道場之中。又向持世菩薩告知度眾之方便法門，接受波旬魔王的天女供養，其實是教之以佛法，學成之後又使其回到魔宮，以無盡燈法門教導更多天人，傳法無盡，受眾無邊。跟善德長者子講述布施觀念，關鍵還是助人成佛，於是應不止於財布施，而唯法布施是用，在法布施中自度度人。本文藉由工夫境界哲學的問題意識為研究進路，解析文本，揭露意旨。

關鍵字

菩薩品 ； 彌勒菩薩 ； 授記 ； 道場 ； 法

並列摘要

On a visit to Maitreya Bodhisattva, Vimalakīrti spontaneously spoke of a practitioner's non-regression and the true meaning of the Buddha's prophecy in the chapter, ＂The Bodhisattvas＂ of the Vimalakīrti Sūtra. The intention was to transcend and not meant to be confined with such views, especially for Bodhisattvas with keen faculties, knowing that they are innately buddhas. Additionally, Vimalakīrti narrated the concept of daochang (道場), meaning a place for spiritual practice. However, for a true Buddhist practitioner who cultivates in accordance with the Buddha's teachings, and abides with the Mahāyāna practices, every moment is a daochang. Furthermore, Vimalakīrti advised Jagatimdhara Bodhisattva on the method to liberate all beings through expedient means. Vimalakīrti accepted Māra's offering of daughters for the sake of preaching the Dharma to them. Afterwards, they shall return to Māra's palace and spread the inexhaustible lamp of Dharma to others. Countless beings benefited from this boundless transmission of Dharma. Vimalakīrti went on to preach the concept of generosity. Of key importance is not merely to give wealth but to offer the Dharma that can liberate self and others, assisting them on the path to Buddhahood. This paper uses Chinese philosophical methodologies, such as the theories of cultivation and attainment, to analyze the text and reveal its intent.

並列關鍵字

＂The Bodhisattvas＂ ； Maitreya Bodhisattva ； prophecy ； place of spiritual practice ； Dharma