Since the reform and opening up, Chinese Foreign Direct Investment has grown rapidly, especially in Africa. Based on Stochastic Frontier Models, this paper analyzes the economic and political factors of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa and explores the distribution of investment efficiency in 27 African countries from 2010 to 2016. The results show that population, GDP per capita, economic freedom, and natural resources are all important factors affecting Chinese investment in African countries. However, at present, market seeking has become the main motivation of Chinese investment. And the degree of corruption control and government efficiency in African countries will have different effects on Chinese investment distribution efficiency in Africa.