FDM rapid prototyping technology is a kind of additive manufacturing technology, which has a broad application prospect. However, as a key factor, the precision of modeling limits the development of FDM rapid prototyping technology. In this paper, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to simulate the FDM rapid prototyping process through the life and death element technology, and the temperature field and stress field distribution of the forming process are calculated. By analyzing the temperature field and stress field distribution in the forming process, the results show that the warpage and wrinkle in the forming process are mainly caused by the uneven distribution of the temperature field of the molding part. Therefore, it is proposed that improving the temperature field distribution in the molding process is an effective method to improve the accuracy of the molded parts. The numerical simulation experiment in this paper provides a basic analysis model for the further analysis of the influence of different process parameters on the forming accuracy.