Since the media era, it brings new opportunities to the innovation of Ideological and political education of college students, but at the same time we can see the severe challenges it brings. Self media provides a new life and learning platform for college students, which is conducive to the acquisition of university knowledge and the cultivation of personality. At the same time, self‐media also has the risks of causing college students' value cognition disorder, weakening moral judgment, hindering ideological progress and emotional sublimation. This paper mainly studies the law of ideological and political work in colleges and universities in the self‐media era, and explores the innovation of ideological and political work in colleges and universities under the self‐media background, so as to greatly enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political work in colleges and universities. Strengthening and improving the ideological and political education of college students and improving its effectiveness is a long‐term and urgent strategic task. It is of great significance and value for cultivating builders and successors of the socialist cause.