In the conventional meshing stiffness calculation model, it is usually assumed that the root crack exists only in the root portion of the tooth. However, during the meshing process, the root crack extends under the meshing force, and when the root crack extends into the base part of the gear, the meshing stiffness of the cracked tooth and the dynamic response of the gear system are different from the case when the crack exists only in the root part. Little research has been done to investigate the effect of the root crack on the meshing stiffness and dynamic response when the crack extends into the gear matrix. Therefore, an improved model for calculating the mesh stiffness of cracked gears is proposed in this paper, in which the gear base stiffness and gear tooth stiffness are calculated separately when the root crack is considered to extend into the gear base. Then, the accuracy of the proposed model is verified by the finite element method ( FEM ).