Fast assembly pavement structure has the characteristics of factory prefabrication, onsite fast assembly and demolition, which can meet the needs of airport reconstruction and expansion or emergency relief. In order to ensure the function and reliability of pavement, the bearing capacity of pavement under different foundation conditions and service load conditions with different plate structures and scales is discussed. Based on the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, the physical and mechanical behaviors of pavement under different soft foundation conditions and service load conditions are discussed, and the main influence parameters and specific influence rules of the load effect of the fast composite pavement are obtained.