"Materialization" is a major problem that lukacs, a young man, found when examining the ills of capitalist society. Through the reinterpretation of some theories of Simmel and Max Weber and the logical inheritance of Marx's theory of alienation and Hegel's dialectics. It reveals the materialization phenomenon and the cultural dilemma in the capitalist society dominated by rationalism. With the rapid development of material life and cultural life today, an objective analysis of Lukacs' materialization theory is of great significance and enlightenment to our socialist modernization.