Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province is located in the sub-temperate and sub-humid monsoon climate zone of the plateau, and flood disasters occur frequently. In order to more comprehensively understand the variation pattern and temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of rainfall in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province, wavelet analysis and anomaly analysis were carried out on the annual rainfall data of Ganzi Prefecture from 1980 to 2020 using MatLab platform. The annual rainfall variation in Ganzi Prefecture was analyzed by monthly data. The results show that: In the past 40 years, the annual rainfall in Ganzi Prefecture has been increasing, and the annual rainfall in 2019 reached a record high in the past 40 years. The precipitation has significant interdecadal fluctuation, which can be divided into four stages: the dry period from 1980 to 1989, the frequent fluctuation period from 1990 to 1999, the continuous dry period from 2000 to 2009, and the wet period after 2010.