To address the problem of strong subjectivity and lack of objectivity and scientificity in the separate collection of municipal solid waste in Lanzhou city, a hierarchical analysis method was used to study the best solution applicable to the separate collection of municipal solid waste in Lanzhou city by considering the influence of four factors, namely, the degree of reduction, the degree of resourceization, the investment cost and the satisfaction of residents, on the selection of municipal solid waste separate collection scheme. The results show that in the evaluation system of municipal solid waste sorting and collection options, the weighting of the factors in the criterion level on the decision objectives are: resident satisfaction (0.5106) > degree of resourceization (0.3311) > investment cost (0.1095) > degree of reduction (0.0489); the weighting of the factors in the scheme layer on the decision objectives are: source general classification (0.3525) > source coarse classification (0.3369) > source fine classification (0.3106). The results of the study provide technical and theoretical references for the planning and design of municipal solid waste collection and treatment and urban environmental sanitation in Lanzhou City.