In order to deeply study the soil formation mechanism of arsenic sandstone and sand compound, to better reveal the scientific theory of soil formation, and to provide stronger theoretical support and scientific basis for the sustainable and stable development of compound soil. In this study, we explored the mechanism of soil formation from physical, chemical, biological and microscopic levels. The sand fixation mechanism of arsenic sandstone and sand compound soil mainly includes mechanical, particle surface modification sand fixation, crustal sand fixation and biological sand fixation, mainly through increasing the surface roughness, reducing the shear force of erodible bed surface, reducing the direct action area of wind and sand, cohesive particles themselves and organic material to produce cementation, changing the water film on the surface of sand particles to continuous film water, reducing wind disturbance and promoting vegetation growth, etc. Sand consolidation effect.