In this paper, three-dimensional porous graphene materials were prepared and their electrochemical energy storage characteristics in supercapacitors were studied. In other words, three-dimensional graphene materials are prepared by hydrothermal method with graphite oxide as raw material. Then, three-dimensional porous graphene materials were prepared by adjusting the pore structure of three-dimensional graphene by CO2 gas activation. The supercapacitor performance is studied by practical experiments. The results show that when the CO2 activation time is 60 min, the material presents good three-dimensional structure, large specific surface area and stable mesoporous structure. The electrochemical test shows that the capacitance performance is the best when the activation time is 60 min. The specific capacitance of 2 A g-1 can reach 80 F g-1. In addition, the experimental results also show that the three-dimensional porous graphene material has good rate performance and can effectively realize rapid charge and discharge. It is an electrode material with good performance and has great potential in supercapacitors.