To study the effect of excavation of subway station pit on the lateral displacement of enclosure structure and surface settlement, and to explore the influence degree of soft soil on the lateral displacement of retaining structure and surface settlement in the construction area, a small mileage section of a subway station pit in Shenzhen was simulated and analyzed by finite element numerical software, and the data of lateral displacement of enclosure structure and surface settlement outside the pit were obtained, and the orthogonal test method was used to compare and analyze the deformation of the soft soil with different burial depth under different parameters. The results show that soil at the lower position is more sensitive to the deformation of the pit. Among the nine parameters of the three soft soil layers, the top four parameters with the greatest influence on the horizontal displacement of the enclosure structure are φ_3, c_3, φ_2, c_2 and the greatest influence on the surface settlement outside the foundation pit are c_3, φ_3, c_2, φ_2 respectively.