At the end of 2019, the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic swept the world and continues to this day. Some developed countries in the west shirked their global anti-epidemic responsibility for their own interests, and launched a political movement of "vaccine nationalism". Under the narrow ideological trend of "vaccine nationalism", some countries hoard COVID-19 vaccine excessively, which makes it difficult for developing countries with weak health systems to obtain COVID-19 vaccine. With the rapid development of globalization, we have become interdependent, and the COVID-19 epidemic is testing the global health governance capacity and the resilience of human beings to cope with the crisis.