中國因應北韓軍事挑釁美韓之政策探討

中國因應北韓對美韓發動軍事挑釁之政策，除了顧及國家核心利益與安全，另主要考量社會主義意識形態及社會內部穩定的關鍵因素，採取「勸和、促談、降溫」主張，並聲明與北韓的軍事發展切割，甚至聯俄制衡美韓的軍事合作，及明確呼籲美韓不得以軍事武力解決。本文發現，中國立場在於維持朝鮮半島現狀，但不支持北韓擁核；強烈主張採「外交」、不容許「軍事」手段；配合國際實施有限經濟制裁；試圖積極掌握主導權，但不當「調解者」。

關鍵字

北韓軍事；軍事挑釁；中朝關係；中國對朝政策；北韓核武危機

並列摘要

In response to North Korea's military provocations against the United States and South Korea, the People's Republic of China (hereinafter 'China') does not only consider its own core national interests and security, but also pays particular attention to critical factors such as socialist ideology and social stability. Given this, China has adopted an approach of ＂making peace, holding talks, and easing tensions＂. Moreover, China claimed to distance itself from the military development of North Korea and attempted to unite with Russia to balance against the U.S.-South Korea military cooperation, while at the same time it is calling on the U.S. and South Korea to resolve the problem without resort to force. This study found that China's position is to maintain the status quo on the Korean peninsula without supporting North Korea having nuclear weapons, to take diplomatic not military measures, to follow the international community on imposing limited economic sanctions on North Korea, and to play a leading role but not a mediator in the North Korean nuclear crisis.