立法委員法律提案與其所屬常設委員會關係之研究：以第九屆立法院第一會期至第四會期為例

Relationship between the legislative proposal of legislators and their standing committee: The first session to the fourth session of the Ninth Legislative Yuan

許峻豪(Chun-Hao Hsu)

《第十屆發展研究年會　台灣經驗2.0：在地與全球的發展研究與實踐》 2018 (2018/10) Pp. 1334-1357

https://doi.org/10.6392/ACDS.201810.0055

摘要

立法院的法律提案通常被認為是立法委員的立法表態，在我國立法行為的研究上佔有重要地位；而在立法程序當中，立法院常設委員會也被認為是立法專業化中不可或缺的一環。理應來說，若是立法委員對於某一類別的議題有所想法，那麼立法委員提出的法案應該會與其所選擇的常設委員會的屬性相符。如此一來，才可以說此一立法委員是專業的、證明我國的常設委員會是專業化分工的。然而實際上我們卻常常看到立法委員提出與其所屬常設委員會議題毫不相關的法案。本文試圖梳理這兩者之間的關係，並從中找出影響到這個關係的因素加以分析。本文發現立法委員的政黨屬性與立法委員如何被選出在檢測結果上有顯著影響，屬於執政黨的立法委員較在野黨立法委員在立法委員法律提案與其所選擇的常設委員會有較高的相符比例、在政黨不分區立委名單中被認為是專業組的立法委員也比區域立委及政治組不分區立委有較高的比例。然而立法委員的資深程度與是否換過換委員會卻意外的對這之間的關係影響不大。本文提出了一個之前學者都曾研究卻無人發現這理應相同卻在實際上不同的關係問題，並試圖從中找尋解答，雖不夠完整，但卻也提供另一個視角檢視我國目前立法院的立法型態，希望能在立法院專業化的研究上有所貢獻。

關鍵字

立法委員 ； 法律提案 ； 立法院常設委員會 ； 立法院專業化

並列摘要

The legal proposal of Legislative Yuan is generally considered to be the legislative form of legislators and plays an important role in the study of legislative behavior. In the legislative process, the Standing Committee of the Legislative Yuan is also considered to be an indispensable part of Legislative Professionalization. It should be said that if a legislator has an idea about a certain category of issues, then the bill proposed by the legislator should be consistent with the attributes of the standing committee chosen. In this way, it can be said this legislator is professional and proves that the standing committee of our country is specialized. Actually, however, we often see the legislators initiatives that are irrelevant to its standing committee. This paper attempts to sort out the relationship between the two and find out the factors that affect this relationship. This paper finds that the political party attribute of the legislators and how legislators are elected have a significant impact on the test results. There are higher proportion for legislators of ruling party in relationship between legal proposal and standing committees. The legislators who are considered to be professional groups in the non-district legislators also have a higher proportion than political groups and the regional legislators. However, the degree of seniority of the legislators has little effect on whether or not to change the committee but unexpectedly. This paper proposes a relationship that has been studied by scholars before, but no one has found that this should be the same but actually different. It is not complete enough, but it also provides another perspective to examine the legislative style of Legislative Yuan. I hope this paper will be contributed to the Legislative Professionalization of Legislative Yuan.

並列關鍵字

Issue Ownership ； Legislative Initiatives ； Standing Committees ； Legislative Professionalization