臺灣花蓮出土卑南文化時代閃玉硬度及拉曼光譜之研究

根據前人研究資料顯示，新鮮的閃玉摩氏硬度在5至7之間，經過風化作用的閃玉的硬度會變低，台灣花蓮縣出土卑南文化時代閃玉玉器也有這樣的現象。本研究選擇卑南文化時代閃玉玉器廢料標本，進行維克氏硬度量測，以了解歷經長時間掩埋後，閃玉的硬度變化情形。在12件閃玉玉器廢料標本進行量測的實驗中，使用拉曼光譜儀鑑定閃玉礦物種類及維克氏硬度計測定硬度。研究結果顯示12件閃玉標本礦物種類大致分屬透閃石及陽起石閃玉，大致在其b（010）結晶面之維克氏硬度由710降至405－67，相當於摩氏硬度由5.8降至4.6－2.3，表示閃玉歷經數千年掩埋於土壤或暴露大氣中，其硬度已明顯降低。本文並探討Dana與Deer等人所列之閃玉摩氏硬度並非新鮮的台灣、紐西蘭及中國大陸之閃玉的硬度之原因。

關鍵字

臺灣；卑南文化；閃玉；硬度；拉曼光譜

並列摘要

Various studies show that the Moh's hardness of fresh nephrite is between 5 and 7. Through weathering, the hardness of nephrite is reduced. This same effect is found in the nephrite artifacts excavated from the Peinan Culture sites in Taiwan. In this study, 12 fragmentary samples of nephrite wares from the Pin-lin site in the Hualien county of Taiwan were selected and analysed by a Vickers hardness tester and a Raman spectrometer. The purpose was to examine the hardness and identify the minerals content. The results reveal that these nephrite artefacts are composed of tremolite and actinolite, with hardness on the b(010) crystallographic face reduced from 710 to 405-67, equivalent to Moh's scale 5.8 to 4.6-2.3. Evidently, after approximately 3,500 years of burial underground, the hardness of the polished nephrite was significantly reduced. This paper also discusses the reason why the Moh's hardness of nephrites given by Dana and Deer et al. is not that of the fresh nephrites from Taiwan, New Zealand and mainland China.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan ； Peinan Culture ； Nephrite ； Hardness ； Raman Spectra

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臺灣花蓮出土卑南文化時代閃玉硬度及拉曼光譜之研究

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