從「藍盾計畫」到災害管理：國際間文化資產的風險準備意識與行動

From ＂Blue Shield＂ to Disaster Management: The Awareness and Actions of Risk Preparedness from World's Cultural Property

榮芳杰(Jung, Fang-Chieh)

《文化資產保存學刊》 12期 (2010/06) Pp. 43-56

https://doi.org/10.6941/JCHC.201006_(12).0003

摘要

自1954年的《海牙公約》公布以來，最初是考量各種人為因素對文化資產的破壞，進而透過國際公約的約束力量來間接保護文化資產的安全。時至今日，世界各國對於文化資產的保護工作逐漸開始進入到各種人為或自然災害的預防準備階段。本文主要在探討國際間文化資產的保護工作，如何從防範人為戰爭的破壞開始，再到面對自然災害的預先準備，一連串的歷史發展過程，正揭櫫了當前的文化資產管理工作必須審慎面對災害管理與風險準備的計畫。

關鍵字

風險準備 ； 海牙公約 ； 藍盾 ； 災害管理 ； 全球氣候變遷

並列摘要

Since the adoption of the ＂Hague Convention＂ in 1954, research and legislation has focused on a variety of human factors that cause the destruction of cultural property. Through the convention, a pact with the international community was made to protect and safeguard this. Today, the world has started developing new concepts for the protection of cultural property. It has gradually started to include both man-made and natural disaster prevention preparations. This paper discusses the international protection of cultural property as well as the prevention and preparedness measures to battle negative effects of man-made social conflicts and natural disasters to cultural property. The series of historical developments represents the current management of cultural property and must confront plans for disaster management and risk preparedness.

並列關鍵字

Risk Preparedness ； Hague Convention ； Blue Shield ； Disaster Management ； Global Climate Change

參考文獻

榮芳杰，2008，文化遺產管理之常道：一個管理動態變化的維護觀點，國立成功大學建築系博士論文，頁201-203。

榮芳杰，傅朝卿，2009，世界文化遺產的監測機制對文化遺產經營管理的影響與啟示，建築學報，第67期，頁57-80。

Dirk HR & Graham, K., 2007, The Importance of Heritage Preservation in Natural Disaster Situations, International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management, Vol. 7, No.6/7, pp. 993-1001.

Feilden, Bernard M., 1987, Between Two Earthquakes: Cultural Property in Seismic Zones, Getty Publications.

Ghose, Saroj, 1999, Protection against natural and manmade disasters, In Risk Preparedness for Cultural Properties: Development of Guidelines for Emergency Response, Chuo-Koron Bijustu Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo., pp.159.