臺灣閒置礦業遺產利用之探討：以猴硐地區為例

民國89年（2000）臺灣僅剩的三峽利豐煤礦停止開採後，採煤業在臺灣已經成為歷史記憶。然而採煤時期所遺留下來的土地及建物，該如何進行土地利用實為一大課題。在文資法修訂前，臺灣並無法令明確保護礦業文化遺產，許多礦業遺留下來的建物與設備，容易被變賣或拆除以獲得剩餘價值。在《文化資產保存法》修法後，保存文物增列歷史建築一項，猴硐瑞三礦業遺跡得以大部分保留，雖然部分機具與設備已不存在，整體由採煤而形成的聚落型態還是十分完整，已算是臺灣目前保留較為完整的煤礦園區。本研究擬先探討臺灣文化資產政策法令發展歷程、猴硐礦業發展與特殊性及國內外礦區土地再利用案例等，最後針對礦業地區開發階段及復育提出建議，並提供礦區永續發展可行途徑。

關鍵字

文化遺產；聚落型態；復育；永續發展

並列摘要

When mining ceased at Sanxia Li-feng Coal Mine in 2000, Taiwan's coal mining industry became part of history and memory. However, the reuse of the land and buildings left behind has become a major issue. Before the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act came into force, the cultural legacy of mining had no protection in Taiwan; many buildings and equipment were sold or demolished for profit. Thanks to the addition of the historical buildings' amendment to the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act, most of Hou-Tong Ruisan Coal Mine ruins were preserved. Although some of the machinery and equipment no longer exists, the overall mining settlement pattern is still relatively complete, making it the most well preserved coalmine park in Taiwan. This study first explores the processes behind the development of Cultural Heritage Preservation Act, and then discusses the development and characteristics of Hou-Tong mining, as well as providing an analysis of both domestic and international case studies of mine land reuses. Finally the study presents several restoration proposals and suggestions for the mining regions and contributes recommendations for methods to achieve sustainable mining area development.