文化、歷史與多元：關於國軍眷村保存的一些觀察與思考

眷村是戰亂歷史的時代產物，國軍眷村保存則是一項重要的文化資產工作，除了見證1949年前後大陸來臺軍民的生命經驗，也具有重要的政治社會意義。歷經近二十年的努力，眷村保存的推動獲得了階段性成果，也面臨了一些瓶頸與挑戰。本文嘗試以國軍老舊眷村文化保存審議會選定之眷村文化保存計畫（園區）以及各縣市相關工作的規畫與推動為討論對象，嘗試從文化、歷史、多元等面向提出一些觀察與想法，反思眷村保存的現況與挑戰：第一，眷村文化並不容易在世代之間延續，關鍵之一在於如何理解眷村文化的歷史性與特殊性；第二，在目前以日遺房舍為主的眷村文化園區之中，如何保存呈現國軍來臺的生命經驗與眷村文化？第三，如何呈現眷村組成的差異性與多樣性。具體言之，我們希望眷村保存不只是以懷舊陳列、日遺房舍、中高階軍官為主，而是能夠鼓勵文化轉化與創新、以來臺國軍生活為主軸、呈現眷村社經組成的多樣面貌，如此才能讓眷村成為數十萬眷戶的認同歸屬，也是臺灣社會多元文化的一塊重要拼圖。

關鍵字

眷村；文化；歷史；多元；移民

並列摘要

Military-dependents' villages, or Chuan-Tsun, are a legacy of Taiwan's war-time history. The preservation of Chuan-Tsun sites is an important aspect of cultural heritage preservation in Taiwan, and not only recognizes the war-time hardships of the 1949 immigrants but also carries political significance of identity construction and social reconciliation. After almost twenty years of advocacy and preparation, the preservation of Chuan-Tsun has achieved some impressive results and now faces new challenges. Firstly, due to the nature of historic idiosyncrasy, it is not easy to reproduce Chuan- Tsun culture for the generations to come. Secondly, there is poor chance to represent the hardships and life experiences of Chuan-Tsun in the would-be culture parks, a majority of which feature Japanese-style architecture and military-industrial facilities. Thirdly, the socio-economic composition of Chuan-Tsun residents is ill-represented. In a word, it is disappointing to leave the preservation of Chuan-Tsun with the impression of nostalgia, Japanese-style architectures and high-ranking officers. Instead, it is expected future plans can encourage cultural innovation, a focus on the hardships and life experiences of Chuan-Tsun residents, and a well-balanced representation of the diverse socioeconomic composition of the residents. Hopefully, the preservation of Chuan-Tsun sites can provide the residents with a sense of security and belonging, and help to secure the future of multiculturalism in Taiwan.