良心与使命之间：战后德国历史学家的纳粹史叙事转变

The Narrative Transformations of Nazi History in FRG and Germany after World War Ⅱ

卢晓娜(LU Xiao-na)

《史学集刊》 185期 (2019/11) Pp. 115-125

摘要

第二次世界大战后，联邦德国及统一后的德国关于纳粹历史的叙事经历了很大转变。纳粹史的书写不仅能反映出德国历史学家对历史与现实的认知，同时亦是历史学家史学良心及对自身政治使命定位的映照。战后至今，德国历史学家的纳粹史叙事经历了保守叙事、批判叙事、新修正主义叙事、“受害者”与“抵抗者”叙事四个发展阶段。隐藏在此进程背后的是历史学家们史学良心与政治使命的纠葛。经过七十余年自我拷问式的思考，德国历史学家们最终通过政治使命的升华，实现了二者的完美契合。

關鍵字

联邦德国 ； 纳粹史 ； 历史叙事 ； 史学良知 ； 政治使命

並列摘要

The historical narrative of Nazi history of Federal Republic Germany and the Germany after World War II experienced a significant transformation. The narrative of Nazi history can not only reflect German historians' acknowledgement of history and the reality, but can also show the historical conscience and political mission of them. From the end of World War II till the present days, the development of the narrative of Nazi history of German historians experienced four phases, namely: the conservative narrative, the narrative of criticism; the new revisionist narrative; the ＂victims＂ and ＂resister＂ narrative. Behind this process lies the severe entanglement between historians' historical conscience and their political mission. After more than 70 years of self-questioning thinking, German historians finally reached the unification of the above two elements by promoting their political mission to a higher level.

並列關鍵字

Federal Republic of Germany ； Nazi History ； historical narrative ； historical conscience ； political mission