辽金上京之战发覆－从《金史．卢彦伦传》系年问题说起

The Clarification of the Battle of Shangjing(上京) between Liao and Jin Dynasties: Starting from the Issue of the Chronicle in Biography of Lu Yanlun(卢彦伦) of History of Jin

李玉君(LI Yu-jun) ； 常志浩(CHANG Zhi-hao)

《史学集刊》 200期 (2022/05) Pp. 68-75

摘要

上京之战是辽金战争的重要组成部分，其发生时间和发起动机与金军的作战意图密切相关。由于《金史．卢伦传传》將传主降金时间错记为天辅四年，学界受此误导，多认为金朝在天辅四年上京之战后即占领辽上京。实际上，辽金上京之战有两次：一次在天辅四年五月，金朝意在震慑辽朝、以打促和；另一次在天辅六年七月，金军欲借道辽上京追袭天祚帝。前后两次金人均是获胜后旋即离开，并未占领上京。直至天辅七年卢彥伦以城降金，辽上京才正式納入金朝版图。細究可知，以往学界认为的金朝“选择辽之五京及辽主为其战略目标”的战略计划并非史实。

關鍵字

辽金战争 ； 上京之战 ； 卢彦伦

並列摘要

As an important part of the war between Liao and Jin, the initiation time and the initiation motivation of the battle of Shangjing(上京) are closely related to the military intention of Jin army. Because the time when Lu Yanlun surrendered to Jin Dynasty was mistakenly recorded as the fourth year of Tianfu(天辅) in his biography in History of Jin, most scholars were misled and believed that Jin Dynasty occupied Liao's Shangjing at the fourth year of Tianfu. In fact, the battles of Shangjing between Liao and Jin happened twice, one in May of the fourth year of Tianfu, which was intended to frighten Liao Dynasty and promote peace; another in July of the sixth year of Tianfu, with which Jin Army wanted to go by Liao' s Shangjing to pursue emperor Tianzuo(天祚). In these two battles, Jin army left immediately after the battle and did not occupy Shangjing. It was not until the seventh year of Tianfu that Lu Yanlun surrendered to Jin Dynasty with the city that Liao's Shangjing was officially incorporated into the territory of Jin. People used to think that the strategic plan of fin Dynasty to ＂choose the five capital cities of Liao and the lord of Liao as its strategic target＂, however, from a detailed study one can see that it does not conform with the historical fact.

並列關鍵字

War between Liao and Jin Dynasties ； The Battle of Shangjing(上京) ； Lu Yanlun (卢彦伦)