應用人因工程預防照顧服務員肌肉骨骼傷害

Application of Ergonomics Intervention Technology on Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders for Nurse Aids in a Hospital

周佩君(Pei-Chun Chou) ； 陳意超(Yi-Chao Chen) ； 吳欣儀(Hsin-Yi Wu)

《健康促進研究與實務》 4卷2期 (2021/07) Pp. 7-15

https://doi.org/10.29442/HPRP.202107_4(2).0002

摘要

目的：工作相關之肌肉骨骼傷害（work-related musculoskeletal disorders, WMSD）常見於護理人員和照顧服務員，但關於照顧服務員WMSD預防措施的研究很少。本專案是應用人因工程的技術和品質改善方式來降低照顧服務員WMSD的風險。方法：本專案中的91名照顧服務員中，一年內肌肉骨骼傷害的盛行率為54.9％。於2019年6月至2020年6月實施改善計畫，並使用關鍵指標法進行人因工程評估。團隊完成了多項的改善策略，包括提供足夠的輔具、建構正確防護WMSD的訓練計畫、設計WMSD預防手冊以及管理高危險個案等。結果：肌肉骨骼不適≧2分比率從14.3％降低到5.3％，肌肉骨骼不適＞2週比率從52.7％降低到22.8％。結論：透過專案的介入發現，人因工程介入措施有助於降低肌肉骨骼傷害之風險，而且還可以減輕肌肉骨骼傷害的疼痛。未來需要更多的研究來確定預防醫療照護人員之WMSD的最佳方法。

關鍵字

照顧服務員 ； 肌肉骨骼傷害 ； 人因工程

並列摘要

Purpose: Nurses and nursing aides are at high risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), but there are scarce intervention studies for nursing aides. This study used the techniques of ergonomic technology and quality improvement intervention for nursing aides to reduce their risk of WMSD. Methods: A 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints and diseases of 54.9% was determined among 91 nurse aids. This project was implemented from June 2019 to June 2020 and used checklist of key indicators method (KIM) was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. The team finished a variety of implementation strategies such as providing sufficient equipment to meet needs, creating some training program about WMSD, designing the prevention manual, and managing high-risk patients. Results: The results showed the rate of ≧ 2-point musculoskeletal problems (5-point Likert scale of pain) was decreased from 14.3% to 5.3%, and the rate of ＞2 weeks musculoskeletal problems was decreased from 52.7% to 22.8%. Conclusion: Result shows that ergonomic measures not only contribute in reduction of MSD risks but also enhances the chances for decreasing pain of musculoskeletal disorders. More research is needed to identify the best and most effective ways to prevent WMSD for health care workers.

並列關鍵字

nursing aides ； musculoskeletal discomforts ； ergonomics technology

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