In recent years, with the increase in urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge and the increase in sewage treatment requirements, the output of sludge has also increased. Thus, the reduction and resource utilization of sludge are particularly important. This article introduces the current status of sludge production in recent years, the characteristics of sludge, and summarizes new ways of sludge resource utilization, which in order to provide new ideas for the theoretical research and application of sludge.