Fiscal taxation is an important means of national economic adjustment and control and rational allocation of public resources, as well as an important part of fiscal revenue. The development of China's market economy and the sustainable and stable social economy are inseparable from the continuous reform and innovation of the fiscal and taxation system. This article will analyze China's fiscal and taxation system, sort out the development process of China's fiscal and taxation system, summarize many problems faced by China's current fiscal and taxation system, and put forward relevant suggestions for the further development of China's fiscal and taxation system reform.