鹿場糞尿廢水之基本資料建立與處理模式之研究

本試驗之目的在探討鹿糞尿廢水量與性質及研擬適當之處理模式。試驗分別於實驗室與模型場進行，實驗室採用6L小型厭氣發酵槽測定在不同水力停留時間（hydraulic retention time；HRT）（5、10、15、20及30天）下對鹿糞廢水之處理結果；模型場則設置於鹿場中，其組合為水車式固液分離機、1000L厭氣槽與500L之好氣槽等，測試HRT設定在5天與7.5天下對鹿糞尿廢水之處理效果以及測定水車式固液分離機之分離效率等。試驗期間每批次10～12週，分析項目包括總固體（TS）、揮發性固體（VS）、化學需氧量（COD）、生化需氧量（BOD）、懸浮固體（SS）及總凱氏氮（TKN）與沼氣產量等。試驗結果顯示，鹿糞之排泄量為梅花鹿公0.86 kg／頭．日、母0.72 kg／頭．日，水鹿約1.3 kg／頭．日，糞便成粒狀，水分80%、COD 369,926±19,373 mg／L、BOD 52,150±6,850 mg／L、SS 312,000±16,000 mg／L。廢水量約130L／頭．日，鹿舍沖洗之廢水COD 4,268±681 mg／L、BOD 725±2 mg／L、SS 1703±848 mg／L。水車式固液分離機對COD、BOD與SS之去除率分別為36.57、15.71及55.91%，對鹿糞固體去除效果好。而鹿糞尿廢水厭氣發酵處理之HRT設定，經試驗結果以HRT 15天組較具實用性，比HRT 5天組佳（P＜0.05），雖比HRT 30天組差，但差異小（P＞0.05）。模型場之試驗結果，於厭氣處理HRT 5天，好氣處理HRT 2.5天下其放流水之BOD、COD及SS平均值都在87年放流水標準以下，但因考量鹿場廢水處理時難以上澄液廢水進行處理，因此推荐之處理模式為水車式固液分離後之廢水經厭氣發酵處理（HRT 15天）再經活性污泥處理（HRT 2天），即可使放流水合乎87年之標準，且水質穩定。

關鍵字

鹿糞尿廢水；厭氣及好氣處理；模型場

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to establish field data (wastewater characteristics) from deer farm wastewater and to propose its treatment scheme. Studies were conducted at both the laboratory and pilot plant site. In the laboratory, a 6-L anaerobic reactor was used to determine variations on treatment performance with different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The pilot plant was constructed on a deer farm, which included an upward conveying separator, a 1000L anaerobic reactor and a 500L aerobic reactor. The entire reactor system was operated to determine variations on treatment performance with different HRTs. Each test run lasted 10-12 weeks. The items selected for chemical analysis included TS, VS, COD, BOD, SS, TKN, and biogas production. The characteristics of excreting buckfeces were 0.86 kg/d/buck, 0.72 kg/d/doe, and 1.3 kg/d/water deer. The feces was pellet-shaped with 80% moisture, 369,926±19,373 mg COD/L, 52,150±6,850 mg BOD/L, and 312,000±16,000 mg SS/L. The daily amount of excreta reached 130 L per deer. The flushing wastewater contained 4,268±681 mg/COD/L and 725±234 mg BOD/L and 1,703±848 mg SS/L. The clearance rate of upward conveying separator on COD, BOD, and SS were 36.6%, 15.7%, and 55.9%, respectively. The anaerobic reactor with a 15 day HRT was more efficient than that with a 5 day HRT. In contrast, the pilot plant study showed that, when the HRTs of anaerobic and aerobic reactors were respectively maintained at 5 and 2.5 d, the treated deer farm wastewater could meet the ROC effluent standard of 1998. When considering the difficulty in treating the supernatant of deer farm wastewater and meeting the ROC effluent standard of 1998, a wastewater treatment scheme at which the wastewater is pretreated by an upward conveying separator followed by anaerobic- (HRT=15 day) and aerobic-treatment (HRT=2 day) is suggested.

並列關鍵字

Deer wastewater ； Anaerobic-and aerobic-treatment ； Pilot plant

主題瀏覽