- 期刊
豬糞尿污泥之處理與利用
The Characteristics and Utilization of Hog Waste Sludge
摘要
本研究目的在探討豬糞尿廢水處理場之污泥產量、性質、脫水方式、乾燥及有機肥利用等。試驗材料採用三段式豬糞尿廢水處理場產生之污泥，測試項目包括廢水處理場各階段之污泥性質與產量、污泥脫水方式比較、脫水污泥之乾燥與成分分析及污泥有機肥之利用。試驗結果顯示，3,000頭豬糞尿廢水處理場之污泥產量每日約10.62 m^3（水分97.14%），其中初沉污泥為8.33±2.81 m^3，占每日污泥量之78%。豬糞尿污泥之臭味氣體，初沉污泥以H_2S與NH_3為主，厭氣污泥以NH_3為主；污泥脫水比阻抗值，初沉污泥為6.06±1.4×10^6 S^2/g，厭氣污泥為14.41±3.74×10^6S^2/g。污泥脫水方式以帶濾式脫水機比曬乾床實用及易操作，但須添加高分子調理劑。而脫水後之污泥餅再以曬乾方式乾燥，其堆積厚度在小於5 cm及在污泥層上劃線者較易乾燥，可在4天內水分降至40%以下。乾污泥之成分為有機質50.2～65.9%、T-N 4.2～4.95%、P_2O_59.6～10.9%、K_2O 0.39～0.63%、Cu 590～760 ppm、Zn 0.4～0.6%（C/N比12～13），屬極佳之有機肥料，可當栽培土與有機肥利用。豬糞尿污泥利用在栽培土上時，砂、泥炭土、污泥之適當比例為5：4：1，可使發芽率與生長正常。豬糞尿污泥直接應用於種植白菜之結果，在生長與產量方面，每公頃以1/2化肥添加20 ton污泥對白菜之生長與產量最為有利，但每公頃污泥用量勿超過40 ton為宜。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to investigate the production and characteristics of hog waste sludge generated in piggery wastewater treatment plants. The items examined included sludge production from each stage of wastewater treatment, sludge dewatering methods, sludge constituents, and the utilization of sludge as organic fertilizer. The results indicated that sludge production from a 3000-head piggery wastewater treatment plant was 10.6 m^3(97.1% moisture), which was mainly from primary clarifiers (i.e ., 8.33 m^3 78%). The offensive odor generated from primary sludge was mainly attributed to H_2S and NH_3, while that generated from anaerobic sludge was NH_3, The specific resistance of dewatered sludges for primary sludge and anaerobic sludge were 6.06 ± 1.4*10^6 sec^2/g and 14.4 ± 3.74*10^6 sec^2/g, respectively. Comparing with the sand bed, the belt filter is easily operated in practice although a high molecular weight polymer must be used for the conditioning purpose. When the dewatered sludge cake with the thickness of less than 5 cm was dried further under sunlight,. the moisture content could be reduced to 40% after 4 days of drying duration. The constituents of dewatered sludge were: 50.2-65.9% organic matter, 4.2 - 5.0% T-N, 9.6 - 10.9% P_2O_5, 0.4 - 0.6% K_2O, 590 - 760 ppm of Cu, and 0.4 - 0.6% Zn (C/N = 12 - 13). The dewatered sludge can serveas an excellent organic fertilizer. When the proportion of sand, peats and sludge of the cultivation soil was formulated by 5:4:1, the germination rate and growth of the plant were fairly acceptable. When 1/2 chemical fertilizer was mixed with 20T of sludge per hectare, it was beneficial to the growth and production of Chinese cabbage. The amount of dewatered sludge used for per hectare of soil should not exceed 40 ton.