- 期刊
水浴對雛番鴨與雛土番鴨生長及尾脂腺之影響
The Effects of Water Bath on the Growth Performance and Uropygial Gland in Muscovy Ducklings and Mule Ducklings
摘要
本試驗旨在探討水浴對雛番鴨與雛土番鴨的生長及尾脂腺之影響。分二個試驗進行，試驗一選取體重相近之雛番鴨32隻逢機分配於2處理組（對照組及提供水浴組），每個處理組2欄，每欄關8隻，餵飼試驗鴨隻粉狀配合飼料，含粗蛋白質18.75％，代謝能3038 kcal/kg。飼料與水採任食，試驗期間為3～4週齡。試驗二選取體重相近的雛土番鴨，公母各半，逢機分成2處理組（對照組及提供水浴組），每個處理組2欄，每欄關20隻（公母各半），共使用80隻，其試驗飼糧組成及管理方式同試驗一，試驗期為0～3週齡。在試驗1與2，於試驗開始、結束及每週秤量個別鴨隻體重一次，在試驗結束時，試驗鴨隻經屠宰後測定尾脂腺性狀。結果顯示，在試驗一水浴處理組之鴨隻在隻日增重方面有較佳增重之趨勢，但兩個處理組之間無顯著的差異（P＞0.05）。在飼料採食量及飼料效率方面，兩處理組之間亦無顯著之差異（P＞0.05）。4週齡番鴨尾脂腺之重量在水浴處理組者有較大之絕對與相對重量（P＜0.05），番鴨尾脂腺之長軸長度，兩處理組之間無顯著之差異（P＞0.05）。試驗二水浴處理組之雛土番鴨平均隻日增重比對照組多約2％，但兩處理組之間並無顯著差異（P＞0.05）。提供水浴槽不影響土番鴨尾脂腺重量、長軸、短軸與尾脂腺葉指數（P＞0.05），但水浴對番鴨尾脂腺卻有增重之效果（P＜0.05），造成此差異之原因，可能與番鴨較喜歡嬉水行為有關。
並列摘要
This study was conducted to determine the effects of water bath on the growth performance and uropygial gland in Muscovy ducklings and Mule ducklings. This study included two experiments. In exp.1, thirty-two female Muscovy ducklings were allotted into two groups which were water bath (WB) and control (C). Each group has two replicates, mash experimental diets containing 18.75% crude protein and 3038 kcal/ kg metabolizable energy were fed. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Experimental period was 1 wk (3-4wk of age). In exp. 2. Eighty Mule ducklings were divided into two groups (WB and C) and the experiment was done in duplicate. Feed and animal management was the same as exp. 1. Experimental period was 3 wk (0-3wk of age). In exp. 1 and exp. 2, the body weight was measured for each duckling weekly, including the start and end of experiment. At the end of each experiment, ducklings were slaughtered to measure uropygial gland performance. The results of experiment 1 indicated that there were no significant difference in average daily body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency between two groups (P ＞ 0.05) . The uropygial gland weight of WB group was larger than that in C group (P ＜ 0.05). In exp. 2, there were no significant differences in average daily body weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency between treatments (P ＞ 0.05). Water bath had no effects on uropygial gland weight, length and width of lobus glandulae uropygialis and lobus glandulae uropygialis index. Mule ducklings provided with water-bathing pool did not increase uropygial gland weight, but Muscovy ducklings did. The reason maybe the latter had higher water-bathing behaviour.