乾乳期撒能泌乳羊於日糧中添加氯化銨對其泌乳性狀之影響

Effect of adding ammonium chloride in diet during the dry period on the lactation performance of Saanen dairy goats

蘇安國(An-Kuo Su) ； 楊深玄(Shen-Shyuan Yan)

《畜產研究》 36卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 137-147

摘要

本試驗將20頭撒能泌乳羊，逢機分為兩組，置於群飼欄飼養，兩組均餵以完全混合日糧。試驗組之泌乳羊在產前一個月至產後一個月之期間，每日每頭給予16g氯化銨，而對照組之泌乳羊則不給予氯化銨。在乳羊生產後即收集其泌乳資料達4個月。資料顯示兩組乳羊平均每日乾物質採食量分別為2.01kg及2.07kg，無組間差異存在。在平均每日泌乳量方面，試驗組為2.74kg，而對照組為2.65kg。試驗組與對照組間亦無差異存在。在乳成分分析方面，兩組乳羊的乳脂率、乳蛋白、乳糖、固形物及體細胞數，分別為3.42%、2.90%、4.37%、11.38%、141萬／cc及3.29%、2.90%、4.41%、11.34%、140萬／cc，試驗組與對照組間同樣無顯著差異存在。在乳羊4個月的泌乳調查中顯示，兩組乳羊總乳量、乳脂及乳蛋白總產量，分別為329.0kg、11.3kg、9.5kg及318.0kg、10.5kg、9.2kg，同樣也無組間差異存在。在血液中鈣、總磷與鎂分析方面，試驗組血液中鈣與鎂濃度顯著高於對照組（P＜0.05），而試驗組血液中磷濃度與對照組間卻無統計上差異。在乾乳羊活體消化試驗之乾物質、全氮與無氮抽出物之表面消化率方面，試驗組與對照組間無差異存在。在粗脂肪、鈣、磷、鎂的表面消化率方面，試驗組顯著優於對照組（P＜0.05）。在粗纖維、中洗纖維、酸洗纖維的表面消化率方面，對照組顯著優於試驗組（P＜0.05）。試驗顯示氯化銨可提高乾乳羊對鈣與鎂的利用效率，然而對於每日平均泌乳量約為2.8kg左右之乳羊，其乾乳後期的日糧中不需要添加氯化銨。

關鍵字

撒能泌乳羊 ； 氯化銨 ； 泌乳性狀

並列摘要

A total of twenty dairy goats were divided into two groups after kidding. Both groups were fed total mixed ration. The ration of experiment group were added 16 g ammonium chloride per goat per day to reach the balance of dietary cation and anion as -150 meq/kg DM until four weeks after kidding. Meanwhile dietary of cation and anion difference in control rations is +150 meq/kg DM. These feeding trials were started one month before goats kidding. During the experimental periods, the feed intake, blood characteristics, milk production and milk components were recorded. Results showed that there were no differences in the average daily milk production between treatment and control groups. There were also no differences in the percentage of milk fat, milk protein, milk lactose, total solids or somatic cell counts in goat milk. There were significant differences in the contents of calcium and magnesium in blood between treatment and control group ( P ＜ 0.05), but there was no difference in the content of phosphate in blood within both treatments. As to the in-vivo digestibility experiment, there were no differences in dry matter, nitrogen, and NFE digestibility in both treatments. Nevertheless, there were significant differences in the crude fat, calcium, phosphorus or magnesium digestibility between treatment and control group ( P ＜ 0.05). Dry goats, which were provided 16 g ammonium chloride per day, had higher digestibility than the control group. Meanwhile, There were significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05) in crude fiber, NDF or ADF digestibility in both treatments. Dry goats, which were provided 16 g ammonium chlorine per day, had less digestibility than that of goats in control group. Results showed that adding ammonium chloride could improve mineral digestibility in goats, and the dairy goats, producing 2.8 kg milk daily did not need supplementary ammonium chloride in their ration during dry period.

並列關鍵字

Saanen dairy goats ； Ammonium chloride ； Lactation performance