應用生物濾床去除氨氣操作條件探討

本試驗於箱型送風式堆肥舍測定之豬糞及雞糞堆肥氨氣產量平均值分別為101、1241mL/hr/m^3，三甲基胺產量平均值分別94、532mL/hr/m^3。以木屑濾床測試最佳吸附停留時間結果，當氨氣進入濃度60-70ppm時，測定停留時間30秒、60秒、90秒條件下之吸附貫穿曲線，貫穿時間分別為68、139、225小時，貫穿時間之前氨氣吸附去除效率皆為100%。分析最終木屑無機氮含量，結果60秒組最多。因此，以貫穿前去除率評估，停留時間30秒已足夠。而以吸附量及氨氣生物轉換率評估，則以停留時間60秒最佳。以不同比例木屑與腐熟豬糞堆肥混合做為生物濾床，比較結果純堆肥組（Ⅵ）氨氣去除率最差，純木屑（Ⅰ）組、木屑堆肥比4（Ⅳ）及6（Ⅴ）三組皆在120小時貫穿，氨氣去除率較佳。木屑堆肥比1（II）和2（III）組氨氣去除率在純堆肥和純木屑之間。120小時之後，Ⅳ及Ⅴ組出中氣氨氣濃度較Ⅰ組低，即氨氣去除率較佳。吸附與轉換氨氣量為Ⅴ＞Ⅳ＞Ⅰ＞Ⅲ＞Ⅱ＞Ⅵ，即以木屑與腐熟豬糞堆肥比例6:1（w/w）為最佳濾材組成。

關鍵字

生物濾床；氨氣；去除率

並列摘要

The average ammonia concentrations of gas generated from aerated swine and chicken wastes composting plants measured in this study were 101 and 1241 mL/hr/m^3, respectively, while those of trimethylamine were 94 and 532 mL/hr/m^3, respectively. The sawdust-based filters were used to determine the best operational parameters of biofiltration. The breakthrough times of the biofilters with 30 sec, 60 sec and 90 sec retention times(RT) were 68, 139, and 225 hr, respectively. The ammonia removal rates were 100% within the breakthrough time. The results of analyzing the final nitrogen contents of the packing materials showed that the biofilter with RT 60sec adsorpted the largest amount of ammonia. Therefore, the 30 sec of RT was enough as evaluating by ammonia removal rate before breakthrough, while the 60 sec of RT was best as evaluating by ammonia removal and transferred rate. The results of comparing the packing materials, which were mixtures of saw dust and matured swine compost at different ratio showed the ammonia removal rate of compost-only filters (Ⅵ) was the lowest. The breakthrough time of the sawdust-only (Ⅰ) biofiter, biofilter Ⅳ and Ⅴ, whose sawdust-compost ratios were 4 and 6, were all 120 hrs. The ammonia removal rates of biofilters Ⅱ and Ⅲ whose sawdust-compost rates were 1 and 2, were between the sawdust and compost-only filters. After the 120th hour, the ammonia concentrations of output gases of biofilter Ⅳ and Ⅴ were lower than that of sawdust filter, which meant that biofilter Ⅳ and Ⅴ had higher ammonia removal rate. The ammonia adsorption and transfer amounts of all the packing materials were Ⅴ＞ Ⅳ＞ Ⅰ＞ Ⅲ＞ Ⅱ＞ Ⅵ. The packing material of sawdust-compost (6:1, w/w) was the best biofilters determined in this study.

並列關鍵字

Biofilter ； Ammonia ； Removal rate

主題瀏覽