不同飼養方式對水禽小病毒陰性番鴨生產之影響

試驗旨在比較水禽小病毒抗體陰性番鴨於高床與籠飼環境下之生產效率。將26週齡120隻母番鴨逢機分為高床與籠飼飼養等二組，每組各60隻母番鴨，高床組採自然配種，籠飼組則以人工授精進行繁殖，並比較二組之生產性能、繁殖性能與趾瘤症分級結果。結果顯示，高床與籠飼等二組之52週齡產蛋數無顯著差異；破蛋率則以高床組極顯著高於籠飼組（9.5%vs.3.6%）（P＜0.001）；受精率以高床組實施自然配種顯著高於籠飼組的人工受精（86.8%vs.83.8%）（P＜0.05），胚蛋發育中止率則無顯著差異（15.2%vs.16.6%）。飼養於高床或籠飼的番鴨，趾瘤症陽性率皆很高（85.7－100%），惟趾瘤症評分3級的比例中，高床組較籠飼組多28.9%（51.4%vs.22.5%），呈現極顯著差異（P＝0.0001），顯示高床飼養的番鴨，其趾瘤症發生程度較籠飼組更為嚴重。試驗結果顯示，不鏽鋼網高床飼養的番鴨雖破蛋率較高，但因實施自然配種，不僅節省人力，亦使得鴨隻具有較佳的受精率，惟趾瘤症造成的動物福祉問題仍需進一步克服。

關鍵字

番鴨；高床；籠飼；趾瘤症

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to compare the production efficiency of Muscovy duck reared on wire mesh floor or in cage. One hundred and twenty female parvovirus-free Muscovy ducks were allocated into two groups at 26 weeks of age and the productive performance, reproductive performance and bumble foot score were detected. The egg number of laying up to 52 weeks age in the group of wire mesh floor and cage was 89.3 and 89.7, the percentage of broken eggs was 9.5% and 3.6% (P ＜ 0.001), the fertility rate was 86.8% and 83.8% (P ＜ 0.05) and the percentage of embryonic eggs mortality was 15.2% and 16.6%, respectively. Both of these two rearing systems caused high rates of bumble foot (85.7% to 100%). However, the Muscovy ducks raised on the wire mesh floor had more serious bumble foot (score 3) than those in the cage system. Taken together, ducks raised on wire mesh floor had higher rate of broken eggs. However, this system benefits the fertility and reduce labor demand than the cage system. The problem of animal welfare caused by bumble foot still needs to be overcome.

並列關鍵字

Muscovy duck ； Wire mesh floor ； Cage ； Bumble foot

國際替代計量

不同飼養方式對水禽小病毒陰性番鴨生產之影響

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