粗糠調整飼糧粗纖維含量對白羅曼鵝生長性狀及消化道發育之影響

The effects of including rice hull to adjust dietary crude fiber levels on growth performance and development of gastrointestinal tract in White Roman goslings during 2-6 weeks of age

陳盈豪(Yieng-How Chen) ； 林炳宏(Ping-Hung Lin) ； 施柏齡(Bor-Ling Shih) ； 許振忠(Jenn-Chung Hsu)

《畜產研究》 48卷1期 (2015/03) Pp. 25-35

摘要

本試驗之目的乃以粗糠為主要纖維來源，探討不同飼糧粗纖維含量對2－6週齡白羅曼鵝生長、消化道重量、長度與其內容物pH值之影響。本研究分成兩個試驗進行，試驗一以72隻2週齡體重相近的雌白羅曼鵝，分成三個處理組，四重複，分別餵飼含粗纖維4、8及12%之同代謝能及等蛋白質之飼糧。試驗二以60隻2週齡體重相近的雌鵝分成三處理組分別餵飼玉米─大豆粕基礎飼糧、基礎飼糧添加4%粗糠與基礎飼糧添加8%粗糠之飼糧。二個試驗進行4週，試驗期間飼料與水採任食，每週稱量鵝隻採食量及個別體重；試驗結束時，鵝隻經稱重後屠宰測定消化道內容物之pH值、長度與重量。結果顯示，試驗一提高飼糧粗纖維含量不影響生長鵝之體增重與採食量，並且鵝隻採食含12%飼糧粗纖維處理組之砂囊pH值最高，同時盲腸長度隨飼糧粗纖維含量增加有增長之趨勢，含食糜之小腸相對重量亦隨飼糧粗纖維含量之增加而顯著的增重（P＜0.05）。試驗二，提高飼糧粗纖維含量可使2－4週齡之鵝隻體增重及採食量增加，但飼料轉換率以基礎飼糧添加4%粗糠最佳（P＜0.05）；提高飼糧纖維量含量亦可增加鵝盲腸長度及增加砂囊、小腸與盲腸重量，但相對肝臟重量隨飼糧纖維含量之增加而減少。在同能量與等蛋白之條件下，生長鵝飼糧中粗纖維含量可調配達12%。考量體增重、飼料轉換率與腸道長度與重量，在2－6週齡生長鵝之玉米─大豆粕基礎飼糧中可額外添加4%粗糠。

關鍵字

飼糧纖維 ； 生長性狀 ； 生長鵝 ； 粗糠 ； 消化道

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using rice hull to adjust dietary crude fiber levels on growth performance, length, weight and content pH value of gastrointestinal tract in White Roman goslings during 2-6 weeks of age. This study comprises 2 trials. Both trials used 2-week-old female White Roman goslings as experimental animals and the experimental period last for 4 weeks. In trial 1, goslings were randomly divided into 3 groups and fed one of three isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets containing 4, 8 and 12% dietary fiber, respectively and the experiment process for 4 replicates with 72 goslings in total. In trial 2, sixty goslings were randomly allocated into 3 groups which were the control group (basal diet), basal diet added 4% rice hull and basal diet added 8% rice hull. Trials 2 were five replicates and each repetition used 12 goslings. Water and feed were supplied ad libitum. Feed intake and growth performances for goslings were measured. Goslings were sacrificed at 6 weeks of age to measure the length, weight and content pH value of gastrointestinal tract for trial 1 and 2, respectively. The results of trial 1 showed that increasing dietary crude fiber level did not affect weight gain and feed intake of gosling. Goslings fed diet containing 12% of dietary fiber had the highest pH value of gizzard with content and tend to have longer ceca length. Relative weight of small intestine containing content were increased by dietary crude fiber level increasing (P ＜ 0.05). The results of trial 2 indicated that increasing dietary crude fiber level during 2-4 weeksold of goslings had higher weight gain and feed intake than those of control group. Nevertheless, feed conversion ratio for basal diet with 8% rice hull was worse than those of control group (P ＜ 0.05). Increasing dietary fiber level increased the length of cecal length and weight of gizzard, intestine and ceca. However, the relative liver weight was decreased when the dietary fiber level was increased. In conclusion, the 12% crude fiber content of diet is not harmful to gosling for growth performance under isocaloric and isonitrogenous condition. However, it is suggested that corn-soy basal diet with 4% rice hull is suitable for gosling during 2-6 weeks of age based on the body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, length and weight of gastrointestinal tract.

並列關鍵字

Dietary fiber ； Growth performance ； Rice hull ； Gastrointestinal tract