不同含量高粱酒糟飼糧對臺灣黑羽土雞血清鈣磷濃度、脛骨性狀與腿部外觀之影響

本試驗旨在探討飼糧中添加不同含量高粱酒糟，對臺灣黑羽土雞血清鈣與磷濃度、脛骨性狀與腿外觀之影響。選取4週齡體重相近的臺灣黑羽土雞288隻，逢機分成4處理組，分別餵飼同熱能與等蛋白之不同含量高粱酒糟飼糧；即0%、10%、20%與30%高粱酒糟飼糧之處理組，每處理組雞隻公母各半，採公母分飼，每處理3重複，共24欄，每欄12隻，試驗為期12週，由5週齡飼養至16週齡。各處理組之雞隻於不同生長階段，採食同熱能與等蛋白質之試驗飼糧（5－8週齡：粗蛋白（%）／代謝能（kcal/kg）=21/3,100；9－12週齡：粗蛋白／代謝能=21/3,000；13－16週齡：粗蛋白／代謝能=19/3,100），飼料及飲水採任食。雞隻於試驗期分別在8、12與16週齡時採血後犧牲，分析血清中磷與鈣濃度及脛骨性狀，並在16週齡觀察雞隻腿部外觀。結果顯示，在8與12週齡的雞隻不論公、母土雞或公母土雞合併計算，除了12週齡母雞之外，雞血清中磷濃度隨高粱酒糟含量增加而增加並呈現線性提高（P＜ 0.05）。在8與16週齡土雞之血清鈣離子濃度，各處理組間無顯著差異；但公母合併計算則以12週齡土雞採食含20%高粱酒糟處理組為最高（P ＜ 0.05）。飼糧含有10%、20% 與30% 高粱酒糟，對8－16週齡臺灣黑羽土雞的脛骨斷裂強度無顯著的影響，且16週齡雞隻的跛腳比率在各處理組之間亦無顯著差異。綜合上述，從脛骨斷裂強度及腿部外觀考量，在同熱能與等蛋白之飼糧中，臺灣黑羽土雞飼糧中的乾燥高粱酒糟之添加量可達30%。

關鍵字

土雞；血清鈣；血清磷；高粱酒糟；脛骨

並列摘要

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of different dietary dehydrated sorghum distillery residue (SDR) levels on tibia trait and leg appearance of Taiwan black feathered native chickens. Two hundreds and eighty eight 5-weeks-old Taiwan black-color native chickens (144 male and 144 female) with similar body weight were divided into 4 groups. Twelve birds were fed in one floor pen of each gender in each group with 3 replicates and fed one kind of isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 10, 20 and 30% SDR for 12 weeks. The diets used for 5-8,9-12 and 13-16 week-old chicken were mash feed with CP (%) / ME (kcal/kg) as 21/3100, 21/3100 and 19/3100, respectively. Feed and water were supplied ad libutum. After blood were sampled from wing vein with syringe, chickens were slaughtered at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age to evaluate the tibial traits and leg appearance of chickens were observed and recorded at 16 weeks of age. The results showed that except 12 week-old female chicken, the serum phosphorus concentration of male or female, or pooled male and female chickens increase with SDR content increasing linearly at 8 and 12 weeks of age. There is no significant difference in serum calcium concentration among the treatment groups at 8 and 16 weeks of age; however, pooled male and female 12-week-old chicken fed containing 20% SDR have the highest serum calcium concentrations among the treatments (P ＜ 0.05). There was no effects on tibia ash, tibia breaking strength when chickens fed with the diets containing 10%, 20% and 30% SDR during 8-16 weeks of age. Moreover, no significant difference was observed on lame leg ratio among the treatments for 16-week-old birds. In conclusion, based on tibia breaking strength and leg appearance, 30% SDR used in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diet is recommended for Taiwan native black feathered chickens during 8-16 weeks of age.

並列關鍵字

Native chickens ； Serum calcium ； Serum phosphorous ； Sorghum distillery residue ； Tibia

國際替代計量

不同含量高粱酒糟飼糧對臺灣黑羽土雞血清鈣磷濃度、脛骨性狀與腿部外觀之影響

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